ArticleNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2015
Effect of thioridazine on antioxidant status of HEMn-DP melanocytes.
Article in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Understanding Mechanisms and Key Factors Influencing Melanogenesis for the Management of Melasma: An Updated Review.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2025Review
- Melanocytotoxic chemicals and their toxic mechanisms.Toxicological research · 2022Review
- A Small Molecule Targeting Human MEK1/2 Enhances ERK and p38 Phosphorylation under Oxidative Stress or with Phenothiazines.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- LncRNA MIAT promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma cells through recruiting TCF12 and activating NFAT5.American journal of translational research · 2021Article
- In vitro melanogenesis inhibition by fluphenazine and prochlorperazine in normal human melanocytes lightly pigmented.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2018Article
- Mechanistic Approach for Thioridazine-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Potential Benefits of Melatonin and/or Coenzyme Q10 on Freshly Isolated Rat Hepatocytes.Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR · 2018Article
- Signaling Pathways in Melanogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thioridazine as an antipsychotic agent was extensively used to treat various psychotic disorders, e.g. schizophrenia. However, the therapy with this drug can induce serious side effects such as extrapyramidal symptoms or ocular and skin disorders, which mechanisms are still not fully established. To gain inside the molecular mechanisms underlying thioridazine toxicity, we examined the effect of this drug on cell viability, antioxidant defence system as well as melanogenesis in normal human melanocytes. It was demonstrated that thioridazine induces concentration-dependent loss in cell viability. The value of EC50 was calculated to be 2.24 μM. To study the effect of thioridazine on antioxidant defence system in melanocytes, the level of hydrogen peroxide and the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were determined. The drug in concentrations of 0.1, 0.25, 1.0 and 2.5 μM caused changes in cellular antioxidant defence system indicating the induction of oxidative stress. It was also shown that the analysed neuroleptic in concentrations of 1.0 and 2.5 μM significantly inhibited melanogenesis. The observed changes in cell viability, antioxidant defence system and melanization in normal human melanocytes after thioridazine treatment may explain an important role of reactive oxygen species as well as melanin in mechanisms involved in this drug side effects directed on pigmented tissues.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.