Trial reportPsychiatry research2015
In vivo effects of ketamine on glutamate-glutamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Proof of concept.
Trial report in Psychiatry research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01100255 (Understanding the Glutamate System in Adults With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder With N-methyl-D Aspartate Antagonist Ketamine), which is not on this map. Cited by 34 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Understanding the Glutamate System in Adults With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder With N-methyl-D Aspartate Antagonist Ketamine
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Medial Frontal Cortex GABA Concentrations in Psychosis Spectrum and Mood Disorders: A Meta-analysis of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies.Biological psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Motor cortical inhibitory deficits in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder-A systematic review and meta-analysis of transcranial magnetic stimulation literature.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Neurobiological outcomes of cognitive behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Ketamine for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: Double-blind active-controlled crossover study.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2025Trial
- Ketamine preserves perineuronal nets in chronic stressed mice brain through the inhibition of microglia activation.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Ketamine and Esketamine in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Scoping Review of Clinical and Mechanistic Evidence.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Reconsidering the glutamate hypothesis of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies in unmedicated participants.Journal of mood and anxiety disorders · 2026Review
- Gut Microbiota and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review of Mechanistic Links, Evidence from Human and Preclinical Studies, and Therapeutic Prospects.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Effects of ketamine on GABAergic and glutamatergic activity in the mPFC: biphasic recruitment of GABA function in antidepressant-like responses.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Association between S-ketamine induced changes in glutamate levels in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor in healthy subjects.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Effects of ketamine on GABAergic and glutamatergic activity in the mPFC: biphasic recruitment of GABA function in antidepressant-like responses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- From compulsivity to compulsion: the neural basis of compulsive disorders.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2024Review
- Investigation of the effects of oxidative stress, inflammation on the pathway of tryptophan/kynurenine in OCD.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2023Article
- Cortical glutamate and GABA are related to compulsive behaviour in individuals with obsessive compulsive disorder and healthy controls.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Review
- Review
- Prophylactic (R,S)-Ketamine Is Effective Against Stress-Induced Behaviors in Adolescent but Not Aged Mice.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Acute (Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Ketamine administration in idiopathic epileptic and healthy control dogs: Can we detect differences in brain metabolite response with spectroscopy?Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- Ketamine increases activity of a fronto-striatal projection that regulates compulsive behavior in SAPAP3 knockout mice.Nature communications · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We previously reported the rapid and robust clinical effects of ketamine versus saline infusions in a proof-of-concept crossover trial in unmedicated adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This study examined the concurrent neurochemical effects of ketamine versus saline infusions using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) during the clinical proof-of-concept crossover trial. Levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the excitatory neurochemicals glutamate+glutamine (Glx) were acquired in the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), a region implicated in OCD pathology. Seventeen unmedicated OCD adults received two intravenous infusions at least 1 week apart, one of saline and one of ketamine, while lying supine in a 3.0 T GE MR scanner. The order of each infusion pair was randomized. Levels of GABA and Glx were measured in the MPFC before, during, and after each infusion and normalized to water (W). A mixed effects model found that MPFC GABA/W significantly increased over time in the ketamine compared with the saline infusion. In contrast, there were no significant differences in Glx/W between the ketamine and saline infusions. Together with earlier evidence of low cortical GABA in OCD, our findings suggest that models of OCD pathology should consider the role of GABAergic abnormalities in OCD symptomatology.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.