Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26101858›Full record

ArticleOncotarget2015

APOε2 and education in cognitively normal older subjects with high levels of AD pathology at autopsy: findings from the Nun Study.

Diego Iacono, Peter Zandi, Myron Gross, William R Markesbery, Olga Pletnikova, Gay Rudow, Juan C Troncoso

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Oncotarget, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Resilience in Alzheimer's disease: Impact of operationalization and methodological choices.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  3. The Nun Study: Insights from 30 years of aging and dementia research.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Review
  4. Resistance and Resilience to Alzheimer's Disease.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2024
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Protective Effects ofJNCI cancer spectrum · 2021
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Diego IaconoNeuropathology Division, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Peter ZandiDepartment of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Myron GrossDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
William R MarkesberyDepartment of Pathology, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Olga PletnikovaNeuropathology Division, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Gay RudowNeuropathology Division, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Juan C TroncosoNeuropathology Division, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Funding

'T V ASSESSMENT - MEMORY DISORDERED PATIENTS'P50AG005146 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI HUGANIR, RICHARD L · 1985 to 2019
$37.6M
University of Kentucky Alzheimer's Disease Core Center - Biomarker CoreP30AG028383 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY · PI GOLD, BRIAN TIMOTHY, VAN ELDIK, LINDA J · 2006 to 2020
$23.3M
INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT LIFE IN THE ELDERLYR01AG009862 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY · PI SNOWDON, DAVID A. · 1990 to 2006
$6.1M
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AGING AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASEK04AG000553 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY · PI SNOWDON, DAVID A. · 1992 to 1996
–
NIA NIH HHS AG028383NIA NIH HHS AG05146NIA NIH HHS K04AG00553NIA NIH HHS P30 AG028383NIA NIH HHS P50 AG005146NIA NIH HHS R01 AG009862NIA NIH HHS R01AG09862
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Asymptomatic Alzheimer's disease (ASYMAD) subjects are individuals characterized by preserved cognition before death despite substantial AD pathology at autopsy. ASYMAD subjects show comparable levels of AD pathology, i.e. β-amyloid neuritic plaques (Aβ-NP) and tau-neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), to those observed in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and some definite AD cases. Previous clinicopathologic studies on ASYMAD subjects have shown specific phenomena of hypertrophy in the cell bodies, nuclei, and nucleoli of hippocampal pyramidal neurons and other cerebral areas. Since it is well established that the allele APOε4 is a major genetic risk factor for AD, we examined whether specific alleles of APOE could be associated with the different clinical outcomes between ASYMAD and MCI subjects despite equivalent AD pathology. A total of 523 brains from the Nun Study were screened for this investigation. The results showed higher APOε2 frequency (p < 0.001) in ASYMAD (19.2%) vs. MCI (0%) and vs. AD (4.7%). Furthermore, higher education in ASYMAD vs. MCI and AD (p < 0.05) was found. These novel autopsy-verified findings support the hypothesis of the beneficial effect of APOε2 and education, both which seem to act as contributing factors in delaying or forestalling the clinical manifestations of AD despite consistent levels of AD pathology.

Indexed as

Aged, 80 and overAllelesAlzheimer DiseaseApolipoprotein E2AutopsyCognitionFemaleHumansMaleApolipoprotein E2AD pathologyAPOε2Gerotargethigher education and language skillsneuronal hypertrophypreserved cognition

Identifiers

PMID26101858
PMCPMC4546453

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.