Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26100084›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2016

Rhinovirus infection interferes with induction of tolerance to aeroantigens through OX40 ligand, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and IL-33.

Amit K Mehta, Wei Duan, Astrid M Doerner, Suzanne L Traves, David H Broide, David Proud, Bruce L Zuraw, Michael Croft

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Control of Asthma and Allergy by Regulatory T Cells.International archives of allergy and immunology · 2025
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Rhinovirus and Innate Immune Function of Airway Epithelium.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Pathogenic CD4The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2017
    Review
  16. Advances in environmental and occupational disorders in 2016.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2017
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Amit K MehtaDivision of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, Calif.
Wei DuanDivision of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, Calif.
Astrid M DoernerVeterans Medical Research Foundation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.
Suzanne L TravesAirway Inflammation Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Faculty of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
David H BroideDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.
David ProudAirway Inflammation Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Faculty of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Bruce L ZurawVeterans Medical Research Foundation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.
Michael CroftDivision of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, Calif. Electronic address: mick@lji.org.
La Jolla Institute for Immunology · USUniversity of California, San Diego · USUniversity of Calgary · CA

Funding

TRM and airway inflammation and remodelingU19AI070535 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI BROIDE, DAVID H · 2006 to 2025
$34.2M
Control of Airway ToleranceR01AI103021 · NIAID · LA JOLLA INSTITUTE FOR IMMUNOLOGY · PI CROFT, MICHAEL · 2013 to 2017
$2.2M
NIAID NIH HHS AI070535NIAID NIH HHS AI103021NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI103021NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI070535
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRhinovirus infection at an early age has been associated with development of asthma, but how rhinovirus influences the immune response is not clear.

objectiveTolerance to inhaled antigen is mediated through induction of regulatory T (Treg) cells, and we examined whether rhinovirus infection of the respiratory tract can block airway tolerance by modulating Treg cells.

methodsThe immune response to intranasal ovalbumin in mice was assessed with concomitant infection with RV1B, and the factors induced in vivo were compared with those made by human lung epithelial cells infected in vitro with RV16.

resultsRV1B infection of mice abrogated tolerance induced by inhalation of soluble ovalbumin, suppressing the normal generation of forkhead box protein 3-positive Treg cells while promoting TH2 cells. Furthermore, RV1B infection led to susceptibility to asthmatic lung disease when mice subsequently re-encountered aeroantigen. RV1B promoted early in vivo expression of the TNF family protein OX40 ligand on lung dendritic cells that was dependent on the innate cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and also induced another innate cytokine, IL-33. Inhibiting each of these pathways allowed the natural development of Treg cells while minimizing TH2 differentiation and restored tolerance in the face of RV1B infection. In accordance, RV16 infection of human lung epithelial cells upregulated TSLP and IL-33 expression.

conclusionsThese results suggest that infection of the respiratory epithelium with rhinovirus can antagonize tolerance to inhaled antigen through combined induction of TSLP, IL-33, and OX40 ligand and that this can lead to susceptibility to asthmatic lung inflammation.

Indexed as

Immune ToleranceRhinovirusAnimalsAntigensBronchoalveolar Lavage FluidCytokinesEpithelial CellsHumansInterleukin-13Interleukin-33Interleukin-4LungMembrane GlycoproteinsMice, Inbred C57BLMice, TransgenicOvalbuminAntigensCytokinesInterleukin-13Interleukin-33Interleukin-4Membrane GlycoproteinsOvalbuminOX40 LigandThymic Stromal LymphopoietinTnfsf4 protein, mouseTumor Necrosis FactorsAsthmaepithelial cellOX40 ligandperipherally induced regulatory T cellRV16RV1Bthymic stromal lymphopoietin

Identifiers

PMID26100084
PMCPMC4684822
OpenAlexW634669144

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.