ArticleNutrients2015
Diagnosis of Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS): The Salerno Experts' Criteria.
Article in Nutrients, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 228 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Non-Celiac Wheat Sensitivity: Permanent or Transient Condition? A Follow-up Study
Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial in Subjects With Irritable Bowel Syndrome for the Identification of Gluten Sensitivity
Autoimmune Diseases and Serum Autoantibodies in Non-celiac Wheat Sensitivity Patients in Comparison to IBS Patients
Urinary Gluten Detection in Patients With Non-celiac Gluten/Wheat Sensitivity
Non Celiac Gluten Sensitivity, a Double Blind Placebo Controlled Food Challenge With Cross-over in Healthy Danish Adolescents
Who cites it
228 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 557 citations in OpenAlex.
- European Society for the Study of Coeliac Disease 2025 Updated Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Management of Coeliac Disease in Adults. Part 1: Diagnostic Approach.United European gastroenterology journal · 2025Guideline
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Gluten restriction in irritable bowel syndrome, yes or no?: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Cerebellar Symptoms in Gluten Sensitivity: a Systematic Review of the Effect of a Gluten-Free Diet on Brain Imaging.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2022Pooled it
- European guideline on indications, performance, and clinical impact of hydrogen and methane breath tests in adult and pediatric patients: European Association for Gastroenterology, Endoscopy and Nutrition, European Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, and European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition consensus.United European gastroenterology journal · 2022Guideline
- Guideline
- Comparison of gut microbiota profile in celiac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity and irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2020Pooled it
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Gluten-Related Disorders.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Efficacy of the gluten free diet in the management of functional gastrointestinal disorders: a systematic review on behalf of the Italian Society of Paediatrics.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2019Pooled it
- Mood Disorders and Gluten: It's Not All in Your Mind! A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2018Pooled it
- Effects of reduced gluten intake through the inclusion of yellow pea-based products on abdominal symptoms in habitual wheat consumers: a non-randomized clinical trial.European journal of nutrition · 2026Trial
- Impact of Acute and Sub-Acute Gluten Exposure on Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Psychological Responses in Non-Coeliac Gluten Sensitivity: A Randomised Crossover Study.United European gastroenterology journal · 2025Trial
- Effects of fructan and gluten on gut microbiota in individuals with self-reported non-celiac gluten/wheat sensitivity-a randomised controlled crossover trial.BMC medicine · 2024Trial
- Effects of Gluten on Gut Microbiota in Patients with Gastrointestinal Disorders, Migraine, and Dermatitis.Nutrients · 2024Trial
- Trial
- The effect of gluten in adolescents and young adults with gastrointestinal symptoms: a blinded randomised cross-over trial.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Trial
- Effects of a gluten challenge in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized single-blind controlled clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Trial
168 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
30 authors at 20 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS) is a syndrome characterized by intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food, in subjects that are not affected by either celiac disease or wheat allergy. Given the lack of a NCGS biomarker, there is the need for standardizing the procedure leading to the diagnosis confirmation. In this paper we report experts' recommendations on how the diagnostic protocol should be performed for the confirmation of NCGS. A full diagnostic procedure should assess the clinical response to the gluten-free diet (GFD) and measure the effect of a gluten challenge after a period of treatment with the GFD. The clinical evaluation is performed using a self-administered instrument incorporating a modified version of the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale. The patient identifies one to three main symptoms that are quantitatively assessed using a Numerical Rating Scale with a score ranging from 1 to 10. The double-blind placebo-controlled gluten challenge (8 g/day) includes a one-week challenge followed by a one-week washout of strict GFD and by the crossover to the second one-week challenge. The vehicle should contain cooked, homogeneously distributed gluten. At least a variation of 30% of one to three main symptoms between the gluten and the placebo challenge should be detected to discriminate a positive from a negative result. The guidelines provided in this paper will help the clinician to reach a firm and positive diagnosis of NCGS and facilitate the comparisons of different studies, if adopted internationally.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.