ArticleJournal of the American Geriatrics Society2015
Frailty Before Critical Illness and Mortality for Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries.
Article in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of frailty among patients with inflammatory bowel disease and its association with clinical outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2022Pooled it
- Methods of Assessing Frailty in the Critically Ill: A Systematic Review of the Current Literature.Gerontology · 2022Pooled it
- What is the evidence that people with frailty have needs for palliative care at the end of life? A systematic review and narrative synthesis.Palliative medicine · 2019Pooled it
- The impact of frailty on intensive care unit outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Intensive care medicine · 2017Pooled it
- The Association between Prehospital Vulnerability, ARDS Development, and Mortality among At-Risk Adults. Results from the LIPS-A Clinical Trial.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2019Trial
- Socioeconomic Status, Frailty, and All-Cause Mortality in Korean Older Adults: A 3-Year Population-Based Prospective Study.BioMed research international · 2017Trial
- The predictive value of the hospital frailty risk score for 28-day mortality in older critically ill patients with acute ischemic stroke.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Outcomes of tracheostomy after cardiac surgery through median sternotomy.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- ICU Recovery Interventions: Is It Time for a Personalized Medicine Approach?American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Article
- Predictors of Mortality in Medical ICU Patients: A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Care Center in Jordan.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Frailty assessment in critically ill older adults: a narrative review.Annals of intensive care · 2024Review
- Long-stay ICU patients with frailty: mortality and recovery outcomes at 6 months.Annals of intensive care · 2024Article
- Healthcare Trajectories and Outcomes in the First Year After Tracheostomy Based on Patient Characteristics.Critical care medicine · 2023Article
- Association between cognitive impairment and oral anticancer agent use in older patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2022Article
- Trends in Geriatric Conditions Among Older Adults Admitted to US ICUs Between 1998 and 2015.Chest · 2022Article
- Days out of Institution after Tracheostomy and Gastrostomy Placement in Critically Ill Older Adults.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2022Article
- Urinary Tract Infection in Parkinson's Disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2022Review
- Protocol to assess performance of crisis standards of care guidelines for clinical triage.STAR protocols · 2021Article
- Clinicians' Perceptions of the Appropriateness of Neurocritical Care for Patients with Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH): A Qualitative Study.Neurocritical care · 2021Article
- Age, Frailty, Resuscitation and Intensive Care: With Reference to COVID-19.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo estimate the effect of pre-intensive care unit (ICU) health categories on mortality during and after critical illness, focusing specifically on the effect of pre-ICU frailty on short- and long-term mortality.
designRetrospective cohort study.
settingMedicare claims data from 2004 to 2008.
participantsA nationally representative sample of elderly Medicare beneficiaries admitted to an ICU in 2005. MEASUREMENTS: Participants were classified into four pre-ICU health categories (robust, cancer, chronic organ failure, frailty) using claims data from the year before admission, allowing for assignment to multiple categories. The association between pre-ICU health category and hospital and 3-year mortality was assessed using multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models.
resultsOf 47,427 elderly individuals in the ICU, 18.8% were robust, 28.6% had cancer, 68.1% had chronic organ failure, and 34.0% were frail; 41.3% qualified for multiple categories. Overall hospital mortality was 12.6%, with the lowest mortality for robust participants (9.7%). Participants with pre-ICU frailty had higher hospital mortality than those with the same pre-ICU health categories without frailty. (Adjusted odds ratios ranged from 1.27 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-1.47) to 1.52 (95% CI = 1.35-1.63).) Robust hospital survivors had the lowest 3-year mortality (24.6%). Pre-ICU frailty conferred higher 3-year mortality than pre-ICU categories without frailty. (Adjusted hazard ratios ranged from 1.54 (95% CI = 1.45-1.64) to 1.84 (95% CI = 1.70-1.99).)
conclusionCritically ill elderly adults can be categorized according to pre-ICU health categories. These categories, particularly pre-ICU frailty, may be important for understanding risk of death during and after critical illness.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.