Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26092799›Full record

ArticleFungal genetics and biology : FG & B2015

A codon-optimized green fluorescent protein for live cell imaging in Zymoseptoria tritici.

S Kilaru, M Schuster, D Studholme, D Soanes, C Lin, N J Talbot, G Steinberg

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Visualizing Oral Infection Dynamics ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
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  17. Cell Biology of Hyphal Growth.Microbiology spectrum · 2017
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

S KilaruBiosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK.
M SchusterBiosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK.
D StudholmeBiosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK.
D SoanesBiosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK.
C LinMathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 3QF, UK.
N J TalbotBiosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK.
G SteinbergBiosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK. Electronic address: G.Steinberg@exeter.ac.uk.
University of Exeter · GB

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/I025956/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fluorescent proteins (FPs) are powerful tools to investigate intracellular dynamics and protein localization. Cytoplasmic expression of FPs in fungal pathogens allows greater insight into invasion strategies and the host-pathogen interaction. Detection of their fluorescent signal depends on the right combination of microscopic setup and signal brightness. Slow rates of photo-bleaching are pivotal for in vivo observation of FPs over longer periods of time. Here, we test green-fluorescent proteins, including Aequorea coerulescens GFP (AcGFP), enhanced GFP (eGFP) from Aequorea victoria and a novel Zymoseptoria tritici codon-optimized eGFP (ZtGFP), for their usage in conventional and laser-enhanced epi-fluorescence, and confocal laser-scanning microscopy. We show that eGFP, expressed cytoplasmically in Z. tritici, is significantly brighter and more photo-stable than AcGFP. The codon-optimized ZtGFP performed even better than eGFP, showing significantly slower bleaching and a 20-30% further increase in signal intensity. Heterologous expression of all GFP variants did not affect pathogenicity of Z. tritici. Our data establish ZtGFP as the GFP of choice to investigate intracellular protein dynamics in Z. tritici, but also infection stages of this wheat pathogen inside host tissue.

Indexed as

AscomycotaCodonGene ExpressionGreen Fluorescent ProteinsMicroscopy, FluorescenceStaining and LabelingVirulenceCodonGreen Fluorescent ProteinsGreen fluorescent proteinMycosphaerella graminicolaProtein localizationSeptoria tritici blotchWheat pathogenic fungi

Identifiers

PMID26092799
PMCPMC4502462
OpenAlexW585575855

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.