Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26092455›Full record

ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2015

Development and Evaluation of Three Real-Time PCR Assays for Genotyping and Source Tracking Cryptosporidium spp. in Water.

Na Li, Norman F Neumann, Norma Ruecker, Kerri A Alderisio, Gregory D Sturbaum, Eric N Villegas, Rachel Chalmers, Paul Monis, Yaoyu Feng, Lihua Xiao

Open access · bronzeAbstract readEvaluation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. High prevalence and pathogenicity ofCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. High zoonotic potential and heavy environmental burden ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Detection ofMicroorganisms · 2022
    Review
  13. Molecular Diagnostic Tools Applied for Assessing Microbial Water Quality.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020
    Article
  16. Molecular identification ofInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2020
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.

Na LiState Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China Division of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Norman F NeumannAlberta Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Norma RueckerWater Quality Services, The City of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Kerri A AlderisioNew York City Department of Environmental Protection, Valhalla, New York, USA.
Gregory D SturbaumCH Diagnostic & Consulting Service, Berthoud, Colorado, USA.
Eric N VillegasNational Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Rachel ChalmersCryptosporidium Reference Unit, Public Health Wales Microbiology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom.
Paul MonisAustralian Water Quality Centre, South Australian Water Corporation, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Yaoyu FengState Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
Lihua XiaoDivision of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA lxiao@cdc.gov.
East China University of Science and Technology · CNCenters for Disease Control and Prevention · USEnvironmental Protection Agency · USSingleton Hospital · GBSouth Australian Water Corporation · AUUniversity of Alberta · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in drinking source water can present a serious public health risk. To rapidly and effectively assess the source and human-infective potential of Cryptosporidium oocysts in water, sensitive detection and correct identification of oocysts to the species level (genotyping) are essential. In this study, we developed three real-time PCR genotyping assays, two targeting the small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene (18S-LC1 and 18S-LC2 assays) and one targeting the 90-kDa heat shock protein (hsp90) gene (hsp90 assay), and evaluated the sensitivity and Cryptosporidium species detection range of these assays. Using fluorescence resonance energy transfer probes and melt curve analysis, the 18S-LC1 and hsp90 assays could differentiate common human-pathogenic species (C. parvum, C. hominis, and C. meleagridis), while the 18S-LC2 assay was able to differentiate nonpathogenic species (such as C. andersoni) from human-pathogenic ones commonly found in source water. In sensitivity evaluations, the 18S-LC2 and hsp90 genotyping assays could detect as few as 1 Cryptosporidium oocyst per sample. Thus, the 18S-LC2 and hsp90 genotyping assays might be used in environmental monitoring, whereas the 18S-LC1 genotyping assay could be useful for genotyping Cryptosporidium spp. in clinical specimens or wastewater samples.

Indexed as

CryptosporidiosisCryptosporidiumDNA, ProtozoanDNA, RibosomalFresh WaterGenotypeHSP90 Heat-Shock ProteinsHumansMolecular TypingProtozoan ProteinsReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA, Ribosomal, 18SDNA, ProtozoanDNA, RibosomalHSP90 Heat-Shock ProteinsProtozoan ProteinsRNA, Ribosomal, 18S

Identifiers

PMID26092455
PMCPMC4551244
OpenAlexW2204910515

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.