ArticleDisease models & mechanisms2015
Ethambutol induces impaired autophagic flux and apoptosis in the rat retina.
Article in Disease models & mechanisms, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of autophagy in ocular health: mechanisms, pathologies, and therapeutic strategies.Biology direct · 2026Pooled it
- Glycosylation-driven necroptosis in retinal degeneration: dual rescue by AAV8 gene therapy and RIPK1 inhibition.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Ethambutol induces optic neuropathy through SDHB-mediated ferroptosis in retinal ganglion cells via Smad4 pathway.Human cell · 2026Article
- Combination treatment of cordycepin and radiation induces apoptosis accompanied by protective autophagy in TM3 mouse Leydig progenitor cells.Journal of food and drug analysis · 2025Article
- Müller glia-mediated protection of retinal ganglion cells from ethambutol-induced neurotoxicity through brain-derived neurotrophic factor.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Ethambutol optic neuropathy.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Systemic Medications and Their Ocular Side Effects.Cureus · 2024Review
- Nationwide usage of ethambutol and incidence and screening practices of optic neuropathy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- The efficient induction of human retinal ganglion-like cells provides a platform for studying optic neuropathies.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Article
- Optic nerve injury models under varying forces.International ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Optic neuropathy induced by ethambutol: A rare case from Nepal.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2022Article
- The common ABCA3American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2021Article
- Protective Effects of Oroxylin A on Retinal Ganglion Cells in Experimental Model of Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Pupillary light reflex in ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- 4-Acetylantroquinonol B Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis by Inhibiting the Autophagy Pathway in a Simulated Microgravity Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Review
- Autophagy-Based Hypothesis on the Role of Brain Catecholamine Response During Stress.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Review
- mTORC2 activation protects retinal ganglion cells via Akt signaling after autophagy induction in traumatic optic nerve injury.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2019Article
- In Vitro and In Vivo Proteomic Comparison of Human Neural Progenitor Cell-Induced Photoreceptor Survival.Proteomics · 2019Article
- Lovastatin Enhances Cytotoxicity of Temozolomide via Impairing Autophagic Flux in Glioblastoma Cells.BioMed research international · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ethambutol (EMB), an effective first-line antituberculosis agent, can cause serious visual impairment or irreversible vision loss in a significant number of patients. However, the mechanism underlying this ocular cytotoxicity remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that there were statistically significant dose- and time-dependent increases in the number of cytoplasmic vacuoles and the level of cell death in EMB-treated RGC-5 cells (retinal ganglion cells). The protein kinase C (PKC)δ inhibitor rottlerin markedly reduced the EMB-induced activation of caspase-3 and the subsequent apoptosis of RGC-5 cells. Western blot analysis revealed that the expression levels of class III PI3K, Beclin-1, p62 and LC3-II were upregulated, and LC3 immunostaining results showed activation of the early phase and inhibition of the late stage of autophagy in retinas of the EMB-intraperitoneal (IP)-injected rat model. We further demonstrated that exposure to EMB induces autophagosome accumulation, which results from the impaired autophagic flux that is mediated by a PKCδ-dependent pathway, inhibits the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and leads to apoptotic death in retina neuronal cells. These results indicate that autophagy dysregulation in retinal neuronal cells might play a substantial role in EMB-induced optic neuroretinopathy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.