ReviewJournal of neurovirology2016
Peripheral aetiopathogenic drivers and mediators of Parkinson's disease and co-morbidities: role of gastrointestinal microbiota.
Review in Journal of neurovirology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between microbiological risk factors and neurodegenerative disorders: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Neurodegenerative diseases and immune system: From pathogenic mechanism to therapy.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Dietary modulation of the gut microbiome as a supportive strategy in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - a narrative review.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025Review
- Interplay of constipation, intestinal barrier dysfunction and fungal exposome in aetiopathogenesis of Parkinson's disease: hypothesis with supportive data.The Biochemical journal · 2025Article
- Concomitant Pathologies and Their Impact on Parkinson Disease: A Narrative Overview of Current Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Faecal metabolite deficit, gut inflammation and diet in Parkinson's disease: Integrative analysis indicates inflammatory response syndrome.Clinical and translational medicine · 2023Article
- Parkinson's disease alters the composition of subgingival microbiome.Journal of oral microbiology · 2023Article
- Insights into the roles of bacterial infection and antibiotics in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Review
- Role ofJournal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Distinctive Pathophysiology Underlying Constipation in Parkinson's Disease: Implications for Cognitive Inefficiency.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- The Influence of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Digestive and Extra-Intestinal Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Abnormal subpopulations of peripheral blood lymphocytes are involved in Parkinson's disease.Annals of translational medicine · 2019Article
- Review
- Article
- Stomaching the Possibility of a Pathogenic Role for Helicobacter pylori in Parkinson's Disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2018Review
- The nasal and gut microbiome in Parkinson's disease and idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2018Article
- Microbiota-Brain-Gut Axis and Neurodegenerative Diseases.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2017Review
- Gut instincts: microbiota as a key regulator of brain development, ageing and neurodegeneration.The Journal of physiology · 2017Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We seek an aetiopathogenic model for the spectrum of Parkinson's disease (PD), functional bowel disease, depression and cognitive impairment. The adopted concept is that systemic immuno-inflammatory processes mediate neuro-inflammation. The model would be based on phenotype, exposome (including gastrointestinal microbiome), milieu (immuno-inflammatory and metabolome), human genetics and their interactions. It would enable a patient's position, to be understood in terms of drivers, perpetuators and mediators, and a future position, with and without intervention, predicted. Even the cardinal facets of PD may have different drivers: halting one may allow escape down subordinate pathways. Peptic ulceration is prodromal to PD. In our randomised placebo-controlled trial, hypokinesia improved over the year following biopsy-proven Helicobacter pylori eradication and rigidity worsened. This was independent of any (stable, long t½) antiparkinsonian medication. There are pointers to an autoimmune process: for example, surveillance-confirmed hypokinesia effect was indication specific. During surveillance, successive antimicrobial courses, other than for Helicobacter, were associated with cumulative increase in rigidity. Exhibiting laxatives appeared to stem the overall temporal increase, despite antiparkinsonian medication, in rigidity. Thus, intestinal dysbiosis may be a major source of bystander neuronal damage. There are biological gradients of objective measures of PD facets on circulating inflammatory markers and leucocyte subset counts. Moreover, lactulose hydrogen breath test positivity for small-intestinal bacterial overgrowth (present in two thirds of PD patients) is associated with the same subsets: higher natural killer and total CD4+ counts and lower neutrophils. With greater aetiopathogenic understanding, relatively low cost and on-the-shelf medication could have a major impact. A new generation of animal models, based on the gut microbiome, is envisaged.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.