ArticleDrug safety2015
Indigenous Medicine Use for Sex Selection During Pregnancy and Risk of Congenital Malformations: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Haryana, India.
Article in Drug safety, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Evidence of prenatal toxicity of herbal based indigenous formulations for sex selection in rat models.Journal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2021Article
- Risk factors for orofacial clefts in India: A case-control study.Birth defects research · 2017Article
- Article
- Article
- Consumption of indigenous medicines by pregnant women in North India for selecting sex of the foetus: what can it lead to?BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2015Article
- Walking the Fine Line between Science and Culture.Drug safety · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionCongenital malformations (CMFs) are a major public health problem in India. Consanguineous marriages, infections during pregnancy, folic acid deficiency during the periconceptional period, exposure to pesticides and a history of intake of drugs during pregnancy have been hypothesized as risk factors. Drugs include oral contraceptive pills, progesterone analogues, medications for ailments and indigenous drugs to bear male offspring. It is important to analyze the risk factors in order to implement preventive measures. The prime objective of this study was to study the risk factors of visible structural CMFs, with a focus on indigenous medicines for sex selection.
methodsA population-based, case-control study was undertaken in Haryana state. Cases included children (0-18 months) with any apparent structural deformity as reported by various Government sources. A consecutive birth from the same area as the case was labelled and included as the control. The sample size calculated was 175 in each group. Mothers of every case and control were interviewed at their respective homes using a structured tool. Descriptive analysis, bivariate analysis, followed by logistic regression was conducted to establish the association between risk factors and CMFs.
resultsThe sociodemographic profiles of the cases and controls were similar. Among the various risk factors studied, more than two living children (unadjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.6, 95 % CI 1.04-2.4) and intake of sex-selection drugs (unadjusted OR 2.8, 95 % CI 1.6-5.1) were significant risk factors on bivariate and regression analyses. The risk of having a child with CMFs was threefold more among mothers with a history of intake of indigenous medicines for sex selection (adjusted OR 3; 95 % CI 1.7-5.6).
conclusionsThe intake of indigenous drugs during pregnancy increased the risk of CMFs almost threefold. This has social as well as economic implications, and hence needs further investigation.
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