Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26091818›Full record

SynthesisThe international journal of neuropsychopharmacology2015

Protection against Brain Atrophy by Anti-dementia Medication in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease: Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials.

Taro Kishi, Shinji Matsunaga, Kazuto Oya, Toshikazu Ikuta, Nakao Iwata

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Taro KishiDepartment of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Drs Kishi, Matsunaga, Oya, and Iwata); Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (Dr Ikuta). tarok@fujita-hu.ac.jp tikuta@olemiss.edu.
Shinji MatsunagaDepartment of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Drs Kishi, Matsunaga, Oya, and Iwata); Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (Dr Ikuta).
Kazuto OyaDepartment of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Drs Kishi, Matsunaga, Oya, and Iwata); Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (Dr Ikuta).
Toshikazu IkutaDepartment of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Drs Kishi, Matsunaga, Oya, and Iwata); Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (Dr Ikuta).
Nakao IwataDepartment of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Drs Kishi, Matsunaga, Oya, and Iwata); Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (Dr Ikuta).
Fujita Health University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere has not been conclusive evidence for prevention of brain atrophy by anti-dementia drugs in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's Disease.

methodsRelevant studies were identified through searches of PubMed, databases of the Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO citations up to 16 May, 2015. Only double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials of anti-dementia drugs in patients with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's Disease were included. Primary outcomes were annualized percent change of total brain volume (%TBV/y), annualized percent change of hippocampal volume (%HV/y), and annualized percent change of ventricular volume (%VV/y) measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for relevant outcomes.

resultsSeven randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials (n=1708) were found to meet the inclusion criteria, including 4 mild cognitive impairment studies (n=1327) and 3 Alzheimer's Disease studies (n=381) [3 donepezil studies (2 mild cognitive impairment studies and 1 Alzheimer's Disease study), 1 galantaime study for mild cognitive impairment, 2 mementine studies for Alzheimer's Disease, and 1 rivastigmine study for mild cognitive impairment]. Pooled anti-dementia drugs showed superior protective outcomes compared with placebo regarding %TBV/y (SMD=-0.21, 95%CI=-0.37 to -0.04, P=.01, N=4, n=624) and %VV/y (SMD=-0.79, 95%CI=-1.40 to -0.19, P=.01, N=3, n=851). However, %HV/y failed to show difference between both groups. Among anti-dementia drugs, donepezil showed significantly greater protective effects than placebo regarding %TBV/y (SMD=-0.43, 95%CI=-0.74 to -0.12, P=.007, N=1, n=164) and %VV/y (SMD=-0.51, 95%CI=-0.73 to -0.29, P<.00001, N=2, n=338). Rivastigmine was also superior to placebo regarding %VV/y (SMD=-1.33, 95%CI=-1.52 to -1.14, P<.00001).

conclusionsThe results favored the hypothesis that anti-dementia drugs may prevent brain atrophy in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's Disease.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseAtrophyBrainCognitive DysfunctionHumansNeuroprotective AgentsNootropic AgentsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicNeuroprotective AgentsNootropic Agentsanti-dementia drugsbrain atrophymagnetic resonance imagingmeta-analysismild cognitive impairment/Alzheimer’s Disease

Identifiers

PMID26091818
PMCPMC4675981
OpenAlexW2260989781

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.