Observational studyAIDS (London, England)2015
Tuberculosis incidence rate and risk factors among HIV-infected adults with access to antiretroviral therapy.
Observational study in AIDS (London, England), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and associated factors among adults living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia, systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Undernutrition as a risk factor for tuberculosis disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Burden of mortality and its predictors among TB-HIV co-infected patients in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- The incidence rate of tuberculosis and its associated factors among HIV-positive persons in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Anemia as a risk factor for tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of undernutrition on mortality and morbidity among adults living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Tuberculosis and its association with CD4BMC infectious diseases · 2020Pooled it
- The protective effect of isoniazid preventive therapy on tuberculosis incidence among HIV positive patients receiving ART in Ethiopian settings: a meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Pooled it
- Drivers of Seasonal Variation in Tuberculosis Incidence: Insights from a Systematic Review and Mathematical Model.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2018Pooled it
- Antiretroviral treatment does not prevent extrapulmonary tuberculosis during SIV/Mtb coinfection in macaques.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Predicted choice and acceptability of regimens for tuberculosis preventive treatment among people living with HIV in Uganda - A discrete choice experiment.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Concurrent TB and HIV therapies control TB reactivation during co-infection but not chronic immune activation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Tuberculosis prevalence and associated factors among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus in three West African countries -(Benin, Guinea, Senegal).Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Incidence Rate and Risk Factors for Developing Active Tuberculosis Among People Living With HIV in Georgia 2019-2020 Cohort.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Serum cytokine biosignatures for identification of tuberculosis among HIV-positive inpatients.Thorax · 2024Article
- Coexistent anemia modulates systemic inflammation and exacerbates disease severity and adverse treatment outcomes in tuberculosis.Frontiers in tuberculosis · 2024Article
- Impact of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy on Tuberculosis Incidence and Predictors of Tuberculosis Among People Living With HIV/AIDS at Debre Tabor General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.Tuberculosis research and treatment · 2024Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe objective of this study is to determine the incidence rate and risk factors of tuberculosis (TB) among HIV-infected adults accessing antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Tanzania.
designA prospective observational study among HIV-infected adults attending HIV clinics in Dar es Salaam.
methodsWe estimated TB incidence rates among HIV-infected patients prior to and after ART initiation. We used Cox proportional hazard regressions to determine the predictors of incident TB among HIV-infected adults enrolled in the HIV care and treatment programme.
resultsWe assessed 67 686 patients for a median follow-up period of 24 (interquartile range: 8-49) months; 7602 patients were diagnosed with active TB. The TB incidence rate was 7.9 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 7.6-8.2] per 100 person-years prior to ART initiation, and 4.4 (95% CI, 4.2-4.4) per 100 person-years for patients receiving ART. In multivariate analyses, patients on ART in the first 3 months had a 57% higher risk of TB (hazard ratio: 1.57, 95% CI, 1.47-1.68) than those not on ART, but the risk significantly decreased with increasing duration of ART. Risk factors for incident TB included being male, having low BMI or middle upper arm circumference, lower CD4 cell count and advanced WHO disease stage. There was seasonal variation for incident TB, with higher risk observed following the rainy seasons (May, June and November).
conclusionIn TB endemic regions, HIV-infected patients initiating ART, particularly men and those with poor nutritional status, should be closely monitored for active TB at ART initiation. In addition to increasing the access to ART, interventions should be considered to improve nutritional status among HIV-infected patients.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.