ArticleClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2015
Sterile endophthalmitis rates and particle size analyses of different formulations of triamcinolone acetonide.
Article in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Different Dosing Schedules of Intravitreal Sirolimus, a Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Inhibitor, in the Treatment of Non-Infectious Uveitis (An American Ophthalmological Society Thesis).Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society · 2016Trial
- Patient-Centric Long-Acting Injectable and Implantable Platforms─An Industrial Perspective.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- In vitro release of triamcinolone acetonide from saturated dissolvable sinus dressings.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2023Article
- Preventive factors, diagnosis, and management of injection-related endophthalmitis: a literature review.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2022Review
- Sterile endophthalmitis after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection: A case report series.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2022Article
- Application of an organotypic ocular perfusion model to assess intravitreal drug distribution in human and animal eyes.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2022Article
- Update on the Management of Uveitic Macular Edema.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- An anchoring molecule increases intravitreal retention of antibody-based therapeutics used in the treatment of ocular diseases.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2020Article
- Local delivery of corticosteroids in clinical ophthalmology: A review.Clinical & experimental ophthalmology · 2020Review
- Comparative study on pharmacokinetics and toxicity of intravitreal and sub-Tenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide in ocular tissues.International journal of ophthalmology · 2020Article
- Nonsteroid anti-inflammatory therapy suppresses the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy more effectively than a steroid one.International ophthalmology · 2018Article
- Centrifuged-Concentrated Intravitreal Slurry Triamcinolone Acetonide: An Inexpensive, Easy, and Viable Alternative to Long-Term Steroid Delivery.Journal of vitreoretinal diseasesArticle
- Sterile endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide: case report and literature review.Romanian journal of ophthalmologyReview
- Endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection with or without triamcinolone - A 10-year investigation in a tertiary hospital.Taiwan journal of ophthalmologyArticle
- Treatment of noninfectious uveitis.Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologiaReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the rate of sterile endophthalmitis (SE) following intravitreal injection of three different formulations of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in a single physician practice and also to assess the mean diameter and concentration of particles of the two TA formulations currently available commercially in the USA. It was hypothesized that TA formulations with smaller particles and/or greater concentrations would have a higher incidence of SE.
methodsSingle-site, interventional case series in which the medical records of 392 consecutive eyes receiving intravitreal TA as Triesence(®), Kenalog(®)-40, or preservative-free TA between September 2008 and October 2013 were retrospectively reviewed for the incidence of SE. Particle sizing of TA formulations was conducted by an independent commercial laboratory.
resultsFive cases of SE were identified. The four cases of SE following Triesence(®) (4.6%) represented a rate significantly higher than the one case of SE following preservative-free TA (0.6%; P=0.049) and the 0% incidence rate of SE following Kenalog(®)-40 (P=0.0210). Triesence(®) had significantly smaller particles than Kenalog(®)-40 (P<0.0001).
conclusionThe rate of SE was the highest with the formulation of TA that had the smallest particle size and highest particle load (number of particles injected). The lowest rate of SE was seen with Kenalog(®)-40, the only TA formulation that contained a benzyl alcohol preservative. The data do not support a principal causative role of benzyl alcohol in the development of TA-induced SE. Instead, the data support the particle theory of TA-induced SE; however, larger-scale, multicenter studies are needed to confirm and expand on these findings.
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