Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26089351›Full record

SynthesisSchizophrenia bulletin2016

Placebo Response in Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Trials of Treatment of Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis.

Sonia Dollfus, Laurent Lecardeur, Rémy Morello, Olivier Etard

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  5. Early efficacy of rTMS intervention at week 2 predicts subsequent responses at week 24 in schizophrenia in a randomized controlled trial.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sonia Dollfusdollfus-s@chu-caen.fr.
Laurent LecardeurCHU de Caen, Service de Psychiatrie, Centre Esquirol, Caen, F-14000, France; CNRS, UMR 6301, ISTCT, ISTS Group, GIP Cyceron, Caen, F-14074, France;
Rémy MorelloCHU de Caen, Unité de Biostatistique et de Recherche Clinique, F-14000, France;
Olivier EtardUCBN, UFR de Médecine, Caen, F-14000, France; CHU de Caen, Laboratoire d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Neurologiques, Caen, F-14000, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Several meta-analyses have assessed the response of patients with schizophrenia with auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) to treatment with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS); however, the placebo response has never been explored. Typically observed in a therapeutic trial, the placebo effect may have a major influence on the effectiveness of rTMS. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the magnitude of the placebo effect observed in controlled studies of rTMS treatment of AVH, and to determine factors that can impact the magnitude of this placebo effect, such as study design considerations and the type of sham used.The study included twenty-one articles concerning 303 patients treated by sham rTMS. A meta-analytic method was applied to obtain a combined, weighted effect size, Hedges's g. The mean weighted effect size of the placebo effect across these 21 studies was 0.29 (P < .001). Comparison of the parallel and crossover studies revealed distinct results for each study design; placebo has a significant effect size in the 13 parallel studies (g = 0.44, P < 10(-4)), but not in the 8 crossover studies (g = 0.06, P = .52). In meta-analysis of the 13 parallel studies, the 45° position coil showed the highest effect size. Our results demonstrate that placebo effect should be considered a major source of bias in the assessment of rTMS efficacy. These results fundamentally inform the design of further controlled studies, particularly with respect to studies of rTMS treatment in psychiatry.

Indexed as

Placebo EffectHallucinationsHumansSchizophreniaTranscranial Magnetic Stimulationauditory hallucinationmeta-analysisplaceborTMSschizophreniasham coil

Identifiers

PMID26089351
PMCPMC4753589

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.