Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26089329›Full record

SynthesisStroke2015

Meta-Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies Identifies Genetic Risk Factors for Stroke in African Americans.

Cara L Carty, Keith L Keene, Yu-Ching Cheng, James F Meschia, Wei-Min Chen, Mike Nalls, Joshua C Bis, Steven J Kittner, Stephen S Rich, Salman Tajuddin and 20 more

Open access · greenAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Stroke, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Variant Rs556621 on Chromosome 6p21.1 and the Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Chinese Populations: A Meta-Analysis.Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis
    Pooled it
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Variants TaggingGenes · 2022
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

30 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Cara L CartyDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.). ccarty@cnmc.org.
Keith L KeeneDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Yu-Ching ChengDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
James F MeschiaDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Wei-Min ChenDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Mike NallsDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Joshua C BisDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Steven J KittnerDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Stephen S RichDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Salman TajuddinDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Alan B ZondermanDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Michele K EvansDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Carl D LangefeldDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Rebecca GottesmanDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Thomas H MosleyDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Eyal ShaharDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Daniel WooDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Kristine YaffeDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Yongmei LiuDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Michèle M SaleDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Martin DichgansDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Rainer MalikDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
W T LongstrethDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Braxton D MitchellDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Bruce M PsatyDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Charles KooperbergDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Alexander ReinerDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Bradford B WorrallDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
Myriam FornageDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (C.L.C., C.K., A.R.); Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (K.L.K.); Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (Y.-C.C., S.J.K.); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (Y.-C.C., S.J.K., B.D.M.); Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL (J.F.M.); Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (W.-M.C., S.S.R., M.M.S., B.B.W.); National Institute of Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD (M.N., S.T., A.B.Z., M.K.E.); University of Washington, Seattle (J.C.B., W.T.L., B.M.P., A.R.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (C.D.L., Y.L.); Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.G.); Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (T.H.M.); Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson (E.S.); Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (K.Y.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich, Germany (M.D., R.M.); Group Health Research Unit, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); and Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas, Houston (M.F.).
COMPASS and METASTROKE Consortia
University of Maryland, Baltimore · US

Funding

Translational Bioimaging Core Shared ResourceP30CA015704 · NCI · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI Eric Collisson · 1985 to 2026
$296.4M
Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (UL1)UL1RR025005 · NCRR · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, DANIEL ERNEST · 2007 to 2011
$75.8M
Healthy Aging In Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Life Span (HANDLS)ZIAAG000513 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI EVANS, MICHELE K · 2009 to 2025
$70.9M
UCLA Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR000124 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI DUBINETT, STEVEN M. · 2012 to 2015
$57.0M
Transgenic & Knock-out MouseP30DK063491 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Andrea L Hevener · 2003 to 2026
$40.4M
Genome-Wide Association Analysis in Essential Hypertension (FEHGAS study)R01HL086694 · NHLBI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI ARAVINDA CHAKRAVARTI · 2007 to 2026
$21.2M
Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP)R01NS034447 · NINDS · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI TOOLE, JAMES F · 1996 to 2006
$18.0M
Research BaseP30DK072488 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI MITCHELL, BRAXTON D, TAYLOR, SIMEON I. · 2005 to 2019
$17.3M
The Underlying Biology of Health DisparitiesZIAAG000519 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI EVANS, MICHELE K · 2009 to 2025
$15.7M
Epidemiology of Venous Thrombosis & Pulmonary EmbolismR01HL059367 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI TANG, WEIHONG · 1998 to 2024
$11.8M
Exceptional Survival: Trajectories to Functional Aging (CHS All Stars)R01AG023629 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI NEWMAN, ANNE B. · 2004 to 2016
$9.5M
CHARGE Consortium: Omics Discovery for CVD and Aging PhenotypesR01HL105756 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Bruce M Psaty, NICHOLAS L SMITH · 2011 to 2026
$9.5M
BLRD VA IK2 BX001823Intramural NIH HHS Z01 AG000513Intramural NIH HHS Z01 AG000954NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000124NCI NIH HHS P30 CA015704NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR025005NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG004402NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG004436NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG005160NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268200800007CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100005CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100005GNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100005INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100006CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100007CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100007INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100008CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100008INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100009CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100009INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100010CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100011CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100011INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100012CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201200036CNHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC055222NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085079NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085080NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085081NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085082NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085083NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC085086NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL059367NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL086694NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL087641NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL087652NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL093029NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL103612NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL105756NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL120393NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL080295NIA NIH HHS R01 AG023629NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK063491NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK072488NIH HHS S10 OD020069NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS034447NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS039987NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS042733NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS045012NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS087541NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS069208WHI NIH HHS N01 WH022110
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

background and purposeThe majority of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of stroke have focused on European-ancestry populations; however, none has been conducted in African Americans, despite the disproportionately high burden of stroke in this population. The Consortium of Minority Population Genome-Wide Association Studies of Stroke (COMPASS) was established to identify stroke susceptibility loci in minority populations.

methodsUsing METAL, we conducted meta-analyses of GWAS in 14 746 African Americans (1365 ischemic and 1592 total stroke cases) from COMPASS, and tested genetic variants with P<10(-6) for validation in METASTROKE, a consortium of ischemic stroke genetic studies in European-ancestry populations. We also evaluated stroke loci previously identified in European-ancestry populations.

resultsThe 15q21.3 locus linked with lipid levels and hypertension was associated with total stroke (rs4471613; P=3.9×10(-8)) in African Americans. Nominal associations (P<10(-6)) for total or ischemic stroke were observed for 18 variants in or near genes implicated in cell cycle/mRNA presplicing (PTPRG, CDC5L), platelet function (HPS4), blood-brain barrier permeability (CLDN17), immune response (ELTD1, WDFY4, and IL1F10-IL1RN), and histone modification (HDAC9). Two of these loci achieved nominal significance in METASTROKE: 5q35.2 (P=0.03), and 1p31.1 (P=0.018). Four of 7 previously reported ischemic stroke loci (PITX2, HDAC9, CDKN2A/CDKN2B, and ZFHX3) were nominally associated (P<0.05) with stroke in COMPASS.

conclusionsWe identified a novel genetic variant associated with total stroke in African Americans and found that ischemic stroke loci identified in European-ancestry populations may also be relevant for African Americans. Our findings support investigation of diverse populations to identify and characterize genetic risk factors, and the importance of shared genetic risk across populations.

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansPolymorphism, Single NucleotideRisk FactorsStrokeAfrican Americansgenetic association studiesgenome-wide association studymeta-analysisstroke

Identifiers

PMID26089329
PMCPMC4740911
OpenAlexW1922859108

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