ArticleEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2015
Correlation between biomechanical properties of the annulus fibrosus and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.
Article in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Design Requirements for Annulus Fibrosus Repair: Review of Forces, Displacements, and Material Properties of the Intervertebral Disk and a Summary of Candidate Hydrogels for Repair.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2016Pooled it
- Mechanical Characterization of Non-degraded Porcine Annulus Fibrosus Material Properties.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Article
- Engineering Intervertebral Disc Regeneration: Biomaterials, Cell Sources and Animal Models.Cell proliferation · 2025Review
- Structural Motifs in Soft Fibrous Tissues: Revealing Structure-Mechanics Relationships in Deformation and Tear Resistance for Biomimetic Material Design.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Review
- Dumbbell-shaped hydrogel plug for annulus fibrosus repair: From material design to in vivo validation.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2025Article
- Design principles in mechanically adaptable biomaterials for repairing annulus fibrosus rupture: A review.Bioactive materials · 2024Review
- Article
- Vacuum curette lumbar discectomy mechanics for use in spine surgical training simulators.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Decoding the annulus fibrosus cell atlas by scRNA-seq to develop an inducible composite hydrogel: A novel strategy for disc reconstruction.Bioactive materials · 2022Article
- Biomechanical feasibility of semi-rigid stabilization and semi-rigid lumbar interbody fusion: a finite element study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2022Article
- Electrospun biodegradable poly(ε-caprolactone) membranes for annulus fibrosus repair: Long-term material stability and mechanical competence.JOR spine · 2021Article
- Mechanical and biological characterization of a composite annulus fibrosus repair strategy in an endplate delamination model.JOR spine · 2020Article
- Measuring the neutral zone of spinal motion segments: Comparison of multiple analysis methods to quantify spinal instability.JOR spine · 2020Article
- ISSLS PRIZE IN BASIC SCIENCE 2020: Beyond microstructure-circumferential specialization within the lumbar intervertebral disc annulus extends to collagen nanostructure, with counterintuitive relationships to macroscale material properties.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2020Article
- Does T2 mapping of the posterior annulus fibrosus indicate the presence of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation? A 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance study.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2017Article
- The Pfirrmann classification of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration: an independent inter- and intra-observer agreement assessment.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2016Article
- Decellularized allogeneic intervertebral disc: natural biomaterials for regenerating disc degeneration.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Lumbar spinal degenerative "microinstability": hype or hope? Proposal of a new classification to detect it and to assess surgical treatment.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the regional tensile properties of human annulus fibrosus (AF) and relate them to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.
methods44 human cadaveric lumbar spines were harvested (24 male, 20 female, aged 25-64 years). MRI was used to identify Pfirrmann grade of disc degeneration, and Modic changes (MCs). Intervertebral discs were then removed and dissected into five regions: nucleus pulposus, anterior AF, anterolateral AF, lateral AF, and posterolateral AF. Samples for tensile testing (1.5 mm × 1.5 mm × 5 mm) were removed from inner, middle and outer parts of each region.
results1969 specimens from 189 discs were stretched to failure. Average tensile stiffness (modulus) increased from 4.80 MPa in the inner AF to 13.0 MPa in the outer AF. Strength (UTS) increased similarly, from 1.18 to 3.29 MPa, whereas elongation at failure decreased, from 49 to 38%. The only significant change with age was a reduction in UTS in the middle annulus. In contrast, severe grades of disc degeneration were associated with consistent and highly significant reductions in tensile properties. Effects were greatest in the outer AF, where stiffness and strength fell by 29 and 43%, respectively. Modic changes also were associated with reduced stiffness and strength, but here the effects were greatest in the inner and middle AF.
conclusionWeakening of degenerated AF may be caused by accumulating structural defects, and enzymatic degradation. MRI has the potential to identify local weakening of the AF.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.