ArticlePediatric research2015
Premature infants have impaired airway antiviral IFNγ responses to human metapneumovirus compared to respiratory syncytial virus.
Article in Pediatric research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Human Immune Response to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Antibiotic Therapy and Factors Predicting Prolonged Hospitalization Among Children Under Three Years Diagnosed With Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Lower Respiratory Infection.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Article
- Predictive Factors and Clinical Markers of Recurrent Wheezing and Asthma After RSV Infection.Viruses · 2025Review
- hMPV Outbreaks: Worldwide Implications of a Re-Emerging Respiratory Pathogen.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Review
- Characterization of T Helper 1 and 2 Cytokine Profiles in Newborns of Mothers with COVID-19.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Review
- Article
- Neonatal Immune Responses to Respiratory Viruses.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Broad Impact of Exchange Protein Directly Activated by cAMP 2 (EPAC2) on Respiratory Viral Infections.Viruses · 2021Article
- Review
- Innate Immune Components that Regulate the Pathogenesis and Resolution of hRSV and hMPV Infections.Viruses · 2020Review
- Human Metapneumovirus: A Largely Unrecognized Threat to Human Health.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Characterization of cellular transcriptomic signatures induced by different respiratory viruses in human reconstituted airway epithelia.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Pediatric asthma comprises different phenotypic clusters with unique nasal microbiotas.Microbiome · 2018Article
- Review
- Predictors of prolonged length of hospital stay for infants with bronchiolitis.Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2018Article
- Phenotypical characterization of human rhinovirus infections in severely premature children.Pediatrics and neonatology · 2018Article
- Characterization of Sex-Based Dna Methylation Signatures in the Airways During Early Life.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- MERS-CoV and H5N1 influenza virus antagonize antigen presentation by altering the epigenetic landscape.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIt is unknown why human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cause severe respiratory infection in children, particularly in premature infants. Our aim was to investigate if there are defective airway antiviral responses to these viruses in young children with history of prematurity.
methodsNasal airway secretions were collected from 140 children ≤ 3 y old without detectable virus (n = 80) or with PCR-confirmed HMPV or RSV infection (n = 60). Nasal protein levels of IFNγ, CCL5/RANTES, IL-10, IL-4, and IL-17 were determined using a multiplex magnetic bead immunoassay.
resultsFull-term children with HMPV and RSV infection had increased levels of nasal airway IFNγ, CCL5, and IL-10 along with an elevation in Th1 (IFNγ)/Th2 (IL-4) ratios, which is expected during antiviral responses. In contrast, HMPV-infected premature children (< 32 wk gestation) did not exhibit increased Th1/Th2 ratios or elevated nasal airway secretion of IFNγ, CCL5, and IL-10 relative to uninfected controls.
conclusionOur study is the first to demonstrate that premature infants have defective IFNγ, CCL5/RANTES, and IL-10 airway responses during HMPV infection and provides novel insights about the potential reason why HMPV causes severe respiratory disease in children with history of prematurity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.