ArticlePloS one2015
The HIV Care Continuum: Changes over Time in Retention in Care and Viral Suppression.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02692027 (Same Day Community-based ART Initiation Versus Clinic-based Pre-ART Assessment and Counselling for Individuals Newly Tested HIV-positive During Community-based HIV Testing in Rural Lesotho - a Randomized Controlled Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 57 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Same Day Community-based ART Initiation Versus Clinic-based Pre-ART Assessment and Counselling for Individuals Newly Tested HIV-positive During Community-based HIV Testing in Rural Lesotho - a Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictors of Treatment Adherence and Virological Failure Among People Living with HIV Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in a South African Rural Community: A Sub-study of the ITREMA Randomised Clinical Trial.AIDS and behavior · 2023Trial
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- Aligning definitions with realities: a qualitative study on the complexities of measuring retention in HIV care in the global context.BMJ open · 2026Article
- New to cohort, not new to care: leveraging historical data in HIV clinical cohorts in the United States.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Incidence and predictors of loss to follow-up among adults receiving ART in Metekel Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- Disruptions of healthcare visits and viral suppression for people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Impact of HIV disclosure and related predictors on CD4 cell count among adults under first-line ART regimen at Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized referral hospital, North West Ethiopia.BMC research notes · 2025Article
- HIV Viral Re-Suppression on Second-Line ART in Southern Zimbabwe.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Association between virtual visits and health outcomes of people living with HIV: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Engagement and retention in HIV care in rural Southern U.S. using an All-Payer Claims Database.PloS one · 2025Article
- Retention in care and antiretroviral therapy adherence among Medicaid beneficiaries with HIV, 2001-2015.AIDS care · 2024Article
- Cohort profile update: the Johns Hopkins HIV clinical cohort, 1989-2023.European journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Retention in care and antiretroviral therapy adherence among Medicaid beneficiaries with HIV, 2001-2015.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Incidence of Colon Cancer Among Medicaid Beneficiaries With or Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus Under Comparable Colorectal Cancer Screening Patterns.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- HIV Prevention and Treatment Interventions for Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in Canada: Scoping Systematic Review.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Mental Health Problems Across the HIV Care Continuum for Adolescents Living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- A Digital Platform to Support HIV Case Management for Youth and Young Adults: Mixed Methods Feasibility Study.JMIR formative research · 2022Article
- Article
- Unmasking legislative constraints: An institutional ethnography of linkage and engagement in HIV healthcare for African, Caribbean, and Black people in Ontario, Canada.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- The cascade of care of HIV after one year of follow-up in a cohort of HIV-positive adult patients in three health settings of Morrumbene in rural Mozambique.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2021Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe HIV care continuum (diagnosis, linkage to care, retention in care, receipt of antiretroviral therapy (ART), viral suppression) has been used to identify opportunities for improving the delivery of HIV care. Continuum steps are typically calculated in a conditional manner, with the number of persons completing the prior step serving as the base population for the next step. This approach may underestimate the prevalence of viral suppression by excluding patients who are suppressed but do not meet standard definitions of retention in care. Understanding how retention in care and viral suppression interact and change over time may improve our ability to intervene on these steps in the continuum.
methodsWe followed 17,140 patients at 11 U.S. HIV clinics between 2010-2012. For each calendar year, patients were classified into one of five categories: (1) retained/suppressed, (2) retained/not-suppressed, (3) not-retained/suppressed, (4) not-retained/not-suppressed, and (5) lost to follow-up (for calendar years 2011 and 2012 only). Retained individuals were those completing ≥ 2 HIV medical visits separated by ≥ 90 days in the year. Persons not retained completed ≥ 1 HIV medical visit during the year, but did not meet the retention definition. Persons lost to follow-up had no HIV medical visits in the year. HIV viral suppression was defined as HIV-1 RNA ≤ 200 copies/mL at the last measure in the year. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the probability of patients' transitioning between retention/suppression categories from 2010 to 2011 and 2010 to 2012, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, HIV risk factor, insurance status, CD4 count, and use of ART.
resultsOverall, 65.8% of patients were retained/suppressed, 17.4% retained/not-suppressed, 10.0% not-retained/suppressed, and 6.8% not-retained/not-suppressed in 2010. 59.5% of patients maintained the same status in 2011 (kappa=0.458) and 53.3% maintained the same status in 2012 (kappa=0.437).
conclusionsNot counting patients not-retained/suppressed as virally suppressed, as is commonly done in the HIV care continuum, underestimated the proportion suppressed by 13%. Applying the care continuum in a longitudinal manner will enhance its utility.
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