ArticleFood & nutrition research2015
A multi-ingredient, pre-workout supplement is apparently safe in healthy males and females.
Article in Food & nutrition research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hematological and Hemodynamic Responses to Acute and Short-Term Creatine Nitrate Supplementation.Nutrients · 2017Trial
- Short-Term Effects of a Ready-to-Drink Pre-Workout Beverage on Exercise Performance and Recovery.Nutrients · 2017Trial
- Effects of ingesting a pre-workout dietary supplement with and without synephrine for 8 weeks on training adaptations in resistance-trained males.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2017Trial
- Effects of Four Weeks of In-Season Pre-Workout Supplementation on Performance, Body Composition, Muscle Damage, and Health-Related Markers in Basketball Players: A Randomized Controlled Study.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2024Article
- International society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and exercise performance.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2021Review
- Effects of One Versus Two Doses of a Multi-Ingredient Pre-Workout Supplement on Metabolic Factors and Perceived Exertion during Moderate-Intensity Running in Females.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Effects of Supplementation of a Pre-workout on Power Maintenance in Lower Body and Upper Body Tasks in Women.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPre-workout supplements (PWS) have become increasingly popular with recreational and competitive athletes. While many ingredients used in PWS have had their safety assessed, the interactions when combined are less understood.
objectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine the safety of 1 and 2 servings of a PWS.
designForty-four males and females (24.4±4.6 years; 174.7±9.3 cm; 78.9±18.6 kg) from two laboratories participated in this study. Subjects were randomly assigned to consume either one serving (G1; n=14) or two servings (G2; n=18) of PWS or serve as an unsupplemented control (CRL; n=12). Blood draws for safety panels were conducted by a trained phlebotomist before and after the supplementation period.
resultsPooled data from both laboratories revealed significant group×time interactions (p<0.05) for mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH; CRL: 30.9±0.8-31.0±0.9 pg; G1: 30.7±1.1-30.2±0.7 pg; G2: 30.9±1.2-30.9±1.1 pg), MCH concentration (CRL: 34.0±0.9-34.4±0.7 g/dL; G1: 34.1±0.9-33.8±0.6 g/dL; G2: 34.0±1.0-33.8±0.8 g/dL), platelets (CRL: 261.9±45.7-255.2±41.2×10(3)/µL; G1: 223.8±47.7-238.7±49.6×10(3)/µL; G2: 239.1±28.3-230.8±34.5×10(3)/µL), serum glucose (CRL: 84.1±5.2-83.3±5.8 mg/dL; G1: 86.5±7.9-89.7±5.6 mg/dL; G2: 87.4±7.2-89.9±6.6 mg/dL), sodium (CRL: 137.0±2.7-136.4±2.4 mmol/L; 139.6±1.4-140.0±2.2 mmol/L; G2: 139.0±2.2-138.7±1.7 mmol/L), albumin (CRL: 4.4±0.15-4.4±0.22 g/dL; G1: 4.5±0.19-4.5±0.13 g/dL; G2: 4.6±0.28-4.3±0.13 g/dL), and albumin:globulin (CRL: 1.8±0.30-1.8±0.28; G1: 1.9±0.30-2.0±0.31; G2: 1.8±0.34-1.8±0.34). Each of these variables remained within the clinical reference ranges.
conclusionsThe PWS appears to be safe for heart, liver, and kidney function in both one-serving and two-serving doses when consumed daily for 28 days. Despite the changes observed for select variables, no variable reached clinical significance.
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