Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26084689›Full record

ReviewPhysiological reviews2015

Obesity and Diabetes: The Increased Risk of Cancer and Cancer-Related Mortality.

Emily Jane Gallagher, Derek LeRoith

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Physiological reviews, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 432 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
432citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

432 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  20. [Ecological analysis of the association between dietary factors and thyroid carcinoma incidence based on GBD 2021 data].Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2026
    Article

372 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Emily Jane GallagherIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
Derek LeRoithIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.

Funding

Mechanisms for the pro-metastatic effects of hyperinsulinemia on breast cancerR01CA128799 · NCI · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI LEROITH, DEREK · 2008 to 2018
$3.7M
Insulin Resistance and Breast Cancer Prognosis in Black & White WomenR01CA171558 · NCI · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI BICKELL, NINA A., LEROITH, DEREK · 2012 to 2017
$3.1M
Cholesterol promotes breast cancer progression: establishing the mechanismsK08CA190770 · NCI · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI GALLAGHER, EMILY JANE · 2014 to 2018
$843k
NCI NIH HHS 2 R01 CA128799-06A1NCI NIH HHS K08 CA190770NCI NIH HHS K08CA190770-01NCI NIH HHS R01 CA128799NCI NIH HHS R01 CA171558NCI NIH HHS R01CA171558-03
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide, and both are associated with an increased incidence and mortality from many cancers. The metabolic abnormalities associated with type 2 diabetes develop many years before the onset of diabetes and, therefore, may be contributing to cancer risk before individuals are aware that they are at risk. Multiple factors potentially contribute to the progression of cancer in obesity and type 2 diabetes, including hyperinsulinemia and insulin-like growth factor I, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, adipokines and cytokines, and the gut microbiome. These metabolic changes may contribute directly or indirectly to cancer progression. Intentional weight loss may protect against cancer development, and therapies for diabetes may prove to be effective adjuvant agents in reducing cancer progression. In this review we discuss the current epidemiology, basic science, and clinical data that link obesity, diabetes, and cancer and how treating obesity and type 2 diabetes could also reduce cancer risk and improve outcomes.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Energy MetabolismHumansNeoplasmsObesityPrognosisRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsTime Factors

Identifiers

PMID26084689
PMCPMC4491542

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.