Trial reportDiabetes care2015
Metabolic Effects of Exercise Training Among Fitness-Nonresponsive Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: The HART-D Study.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05877196 (Precision Medicine in Alzheimer's Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Precision Medicine in Alzheimer's Disease: A SMART Trial of Adaptive Exercises and Their Mechanisms of Action Using AT(N) Biomarkers to Optimize Aerobic-Fitness Responses (The FIT-AD SMART Trial)
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Differential response to preoperative exercise training in patients candidates to cardiac valve replacement.BMC anesthesiology · 2024Trial
- High-Intensity Interval Training is Safe, Feasible and Efficacious in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Response heterogeneity to lifestyle intervention among Latino adolescents.Pediatric diabetes · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Short-Term Changes in Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Response to Exercise Training and the Association with Long-Term Cardiorespiratory Fitness Decline: The STRRIDE Reunion Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Trial
- Effects of combined training with different intensities on vascular health in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 1-year randomized controlled trial.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2019Trial
- Functional and muscle recovery after critical illness: current and future nutritional, physical and metabolic strategies.Annals of intensive care · 2026Review
- Relationship between change in body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness during cardiac rehabilitation in patients with cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Global consensus on optimal exercise recommendations for enhancing healthy longevity in older adults (ICFSR).The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2025Review
- Preventive Effects of Physical Activity on the Development of Atherosclerosis: A Narrative Review.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2025Review
- Impact of Concurrent Exercise Training on Cardiac Autonomic Modulation, Metabolic Profile, Body Composition, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Quality of Life in Type 2 Diabetes with Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Intra-Individual Variations in How Insulin Sensitivity Responds to Long-Term Exercise: Predictions by Machine Learning Based on Large-Scale Serum Proteomics.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Health-related fitness benefits following concurrent high-intensity interval training and resistance training in patients with type-1 diabetes or type-2 diabetes.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Minimal Detectable Change in Resting Blood Pressure and Cardiorespiratory Fitness: A Secondary Analysis of a Study on School-Based High-Intensity Interval Training Intervention.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Does Higher Intensity Increase the Rate of Responders to Endurance Training When Total Energy Expenditure Remains Constant? A Randomized Controlled Trial.Sports medicine - open · 2023Article
- A machine-learning algorithm integrating baseline serum proteomic signatures predicts exercise responsiveness in overweight males with prediabetes.Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Article
- Exercise Training, Cardiac Biomarkers, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Type 2 Diabetes: The HART-D Study.JACC. Advances · 2023Article
- Unsupervised cluster analysis reveals distinct subgroups in healthy population with different exercise responses of cardiorespiratory fitness.Journal of exercise science and fitness · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the impact of exercise training (ET) on metabolic parameters among participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who do not improve their cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with training. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsWe studied participants with T2DM participating in the Health Benefits of Aerobic and Resistance Training in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes (HART-D) trial who were randomized to a control group or one of three supervised ET groups for 9 months. Fitness response to ET was defined as a change in measured peak absolute oxygen uptake (ΔVO(2peak), in liters per minute) from baseline to follow-up. ET participants were classified based on ΔVO(2peak) into fitness responders (ΔVO(2peak) ≥5%) and nonresponders (ΔVO(2peak) <5%), and changes in metabolic profiles were compared across control, fitness responder, and fitness nonresponder groups.
resultsA total of 202 participants (mean age 57.1 ± 7.9 years, 63% women) were included. Among the exercise groups (n = 161), there was substantial heterogeneity in ΔVO(2peak); 57% had some improvement in CRF (ΔVO(2peak) >0), with only 36.6% having a ≥5% increase in VO(2peak). Both fitness responders and nonresponders (respectively) had significant improvements in hemoglobin A1c and measures of adiposity (ΔHbA(1c): -0.26% [95% CI -0.5 to -0.01] and -0.26% [-0.45 to -0.08]; Δwaist circumference: -2.6 cm [-3.7 to -1.5] and -1.8 cm [-2.6 to -1.0]; Δbody fat: -1.07% [-1.5 to -0.62] and -0.75% [-1.09 to -0.41]). No significant differences were observed in the degree of change of these metabolic parameters between fitness responders and nonresponders. Control group participants had no significant changes in any of these metabolic parameters.
conclusionsET is associated with significant improvements in metabolic parameters irrespective of improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.