Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26082157›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2015

Malaria, anaemia and nutritional status among schoolchildren in relation to ecosystems, livelihoods and health systems in Kilosa District in central Tanzania.

Leonard E G Mboera, Veneranda M Bwana, Susan F Rumisha, Robert C Malima, Malongo R S Mlozi, Benjamin K Mayala, Grades Stanley, Tabitha Mlacha

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Article in BMC public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Leonard E G MboeraNational Institute for Medical Research Headquarters, P.O. Box 9653, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. lmboera@nimr.or.tz.
Veneranda M BwanaNational Institute for Medical Research, Amani Research Centre, Muheza, Tanzania. vbwana@nimr.or.tz.
Susan F RumishaNational Institute for Medical Research Headquarters, P.O. Box 9653, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. srumisha@nimr.or.tz.
Robert C MalimaNational Institute for Medical Research, Amani Research Centre, Muheza, Tanzania. r_malima@hotmail.com.
Malongo R S MloziSokoine University of Agriculture, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania. mrsmlozi@yahoo.com.
Benjamin K MayalaNational Institute for Medical Research Headquarters, P.O. Box 9653, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. benjaminmayala@yahoo.com.
Grades StanleyNational Institute for Medical Research Headquarters, P.O. Box 9653, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. gstanley@nimr.or.tz.
Tabitha MlachaNational Institute for Medical Research Headquarters, P.O. Box 9653, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. tmlacha@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMalaria prevalence and transmission intensity in Tanzania is heterogeneous with spatial and temporal variations between geographical areas and ecological systems. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of malaria, anaemia and nutritional status in relation to livelihoods, ecosystem and health systems in Kilosa District in central Tanzania.

methodsThis study was conducted in four villages, two characterised by rice irrigation ecosystem and the other two by dry savannah ecosystem and pastoral livelihoods. In each ecosystem, one of the villages had a healthcare facility. Schoolchildren were screened for malaria infection using malaria rapid diagnostic test (mRDT) and microscopy and they were assessed for their anaemia and nutritional statuses.

resultsA total of 1,019 school children (age = 4-16 years) were screened for malaria infection. The overall prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum infection was 10.6% and 4.5% by mRDT and microscopy, respectively. Children from pastoral villages had lower (2.9%) prevalence of malaria than their counterparts (18.2%) in the rice irrigation villages. A significantly high risk of malaria was observed among children in rice irrigation than in the pastoral ecosystem (OR: 0.13; 95%CI 0.07, 0.23). Children living in areas with health care facilities had a low odd of malaria infection by 45% (OR: 0.55; 95% CI = 0.35, 0.86). Overall, the prevalence of anaemia in the district was 43.4% (n = 775); and 58.3% of those with severe anaemia were among children from the pastoral villages. Anaemia was significantly higher among children not using mosquito nets (p = 0.049); and among those with malaria infection (p <0.001). The majority (96%) of the children had Body Mass Index less than 18.5 kg/m(2) which indicate high proportion of underweight.

conclusionThere are significant variations in the risk of acquiring malaria infection between different ecosystems and livelihoods. These findings suggest that malaria control programmes must take into account ecosystems and livelihoods of the targeted population through an integrated management of malaria and nutrition approach.

Indexed as

EcosystemNutritional StatusAdolescentAnemiaChildChild, PreschoolDelivery of Health CareFemaleHumansMalariaMalaria, FalciparumMaleMedical AssistanceMosquito NetsPrevalenceRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID26082157
PMCPMC4469328

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.