ArticleAmerican journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics2015
Quantifying naturalistic social gaze in fragile X syndrome using a novel eye tracking paradigm.
Article in American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- The use of eye-tracking technology as a tool to evaluate social cognition in people with an intellectual disability: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Eye-Tracking in Infants and Young Children at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review of Visual Stimuli in Experimental Paradigms.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2021Pooled it
- Prelinguistic Communication Complexity of Children With Neurogenetic Syndromes.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2025Article
- Differential Effects of a Behavioral Treatment Probe on Social Gaze Behavior in Fragile X Syndrome and Non-Syndromic Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2024Article
- Examining Phenotypic Differences in Gaze Avoidance Between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Fragile X Syndrome.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities · 2022Article
- Observable Symptoms of Anxiety in Individuals with Fragile X Syndrome: Parent and Caregiver Perspectives.Genes · 2022Article
- Evaluating Social Interactions Using the Autism Screening Instrument for Education Planning-3rd Edition (ASIEP-3): Interaction Assessment in Children and Adults with Fragile X Syndrome.Brain sciences · 2020Article
- A novel eye-tracking paradigm for indexing social avoidance-related behavior in fragile X syndrome.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2020Article
- Sincerity Is in the Eye of the Beholder: Using Eye Tracking to Understand How Victims Interpret an Offender's Apology in a Simulation of Victim-Offender Mediation.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- Differentiating social preference and social anxiety phenotypes in fragile X syndrome using an eye gaze analysis: a pilot study.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2019Article
- Infant Social Avoidance Predicts Autism but Not Anxiety in Fragile X Syndrome.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Article
- Visual attention to faces in children with autism spectrum disorder: are there sex differences?Molecular autism · 2019Article
- Improving social gaze behavior in fragile X syndrome using a behavioral skills training approach: a proof of concept study.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2018Article
- Evaluating Sensory Processing in Fragile X Syndrome: Psychometric Analysis of the Brain Body Center Sensory Scales (BBCSS).Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2018Article
- Using dual eye tracking to uncover personal gaze patterns during social interaction.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Overview of Social Cognitive Dysfunctions in Rare Developmental Syndromes With Psychiatric Phenotype.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2018Review
- Early social communication in infants with fragile X syndrome and infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder.Research in developmental disabilities · 2017Article
- A Screening Tool to Measure Eye Contact Avoidance in Boys with Fragile X Syndrome.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2017Article
- Updated report on tools to measure outcomes of clinical trials in fragile X syndrome.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A hallmark behavioral feature of fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the propensity for individuals with the syndrome to exhibit significant impairments in social gaze during interactions with others. However, previous studies employing eye tracking methodology to investigate this phenomenon have been limited to presenting static photographs or videos of social interactions rather than employing a real-life social partner. To improve upon previous studies, we used a customized eye tracking configuration to quantify the social gaze of 51 individuals with FXS and 19 controls, aged 14-28 years, while they engaged in a naturalistic face-to-face social interaction with a female experimenter. Importantly, our control group was matched to the FXS group on age, developmental functioning, and degree of autistic symptomatology. Results showed that participants with FXS spent significantly less time looking at the face and had shorter episodes (and longer inter-episodes) of social gaze than controls. Regression analyses indicated that communication ability predicted higher levels of social gaze in individuals with FXS, but not in controls. Conversely, degree of autistic symptoms predicted lower levels of social gaze in controls, but not in individuals with FXS. Taken together, these data indicate that naturalistic social gaze in FXS can be measured objectively using existing eye tracking technology during face-to-face social interactions. Given that impairments in social gaze were specific to FXS, this paradigm could be employed as an objective and ecologically valid outcome measure in ongoing Phase II/Phase III clinical trials of FXS-specific interventions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.