ArticleGenome biology and evolution2015
Complete Dosage Compensation in Anopheles stephensi and the Evolution of Sex-Biased Genes in Mosquitoes.
Article in Genome biology and evolution, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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33 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mixed Evidence that Dosage Sensitive Genes Drive Global Dosage Compensation in Flour Beetles.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- HJ Muller and the Relationship Between Sex Chromosome Degeneration and the Evolution of Dosage Compensation.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Review
- Evolutionary Analysis of Sex-Biased Gene Suggests Functional Conservation of Lifespan-Related Genes in Insecta.Biology · 2025Article
- Sex-specific transcriptome dynamics ofGenes & development · 2025Article
- Sex Chromosome Dosage Compensation in Insects.Insects · 2025Review
- N-terminus ofeLife · 2024Article
- Dissection of X chromosome dosage compensation for quantitative traits in sheep using different statistical models.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Sex Chromosome Evolution: Hallmarks and Question Marks.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Review
- Article
- Theme and variation in the evolution of insect sex determination.Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2023Review
- X chromosomes show relaxed selection and complete somatic dosage compensation across Timema stick insect species.Journal of evolutionary biology · 2022Article
- Selective targeting of biting females to control mosquito-borne infectious diseases.Trends in parasitology · 2022Review
- Natural and Engineered Sex Ratio Distortion in Insects.Frontiers in ecology and evolution · 2022Article
- Do male and female heterogamety really differ in expression regulation? Lack of global dosage balance in pygopodid geckos.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Article
- Intraspecific Transcriptome Variation and Sex-Biased Expression in Anopheles arabiensis.Genome biology and evolution · 2021Article
- Uncovering the Worldwide Diversity and Evolution of the Virome of the MosquitoesMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Transcriptional regulation of dosage compensation in Carica papaya.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Article
- Sex Chromosome Evolution: So Many Exceptions to the Rules.Genome biology and evolution · 2020Review
- Transcriptional profiling and physiological roles of Aedes aegypti spermathecal-related genes.BMC genomics · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Complete dosage compensation refers to hyperexpression of the entire X or Z chromosome in organisms with heterogametic sex chromosomes (XY male or ZW female) in order to compensate for having only one copy of the X or Z chromosome. Recent analyses suggest that complete dosage compensation, as in Drosophila melanogaster, may not be the norm. There has been no systematic study focusing on dosage compensation in mosquitoes. However, analysis of dosage compensation in Anopheles mosquitoes provides opportunities for evolutionary insights, as the X chromosome of Anopheles and that of its Dipteran relative, D. melanogaster formed independently from the same ancestral chromosome. Furthermore, Culicinae mosquitoes, including the Aedes genus, have homomorphic sex-determining chromosomes, negating the need for dosage compensation. Thus, Culicinae genes provide a rare phylogenetic context to investigate dosage compensation in Anopheles mosquitoes. Here, we performed RNA-seq analysis of male and female samples of the Asian malaria mosquito Anopheles stephensi and the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti. Autosomal and X-linked genes in An. stephensi showed very similar levels of expression in both males and females, indicating complete dosage compensation. The uniformity of average expression levels of autosomal and X-linked genes remained when An. stephensi gene expression was normalized by that of their Ae. aegypti orthologs, strengthening the finding of complete dosage compensation in Anopheles. In addition, we comparatively analyzed the differentially expressed genes between adult males and adult females in both species, investigated sex-biased gene chromosomal distribution patterns in An. stephensi and provided three examples where gene duplications may have enabled the acquisition of sex-specific expression during mosquito evolution.
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