Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26076131›Full record

ArticlePloS one2015

Multifactorial Optimization of Contrast-Enhanced Nanofocus Computed Tomography for Quantitative Analysis of Neo-Tissue Formation in Tissue Engineering Constructs.

Maarten Sonnaert, Greet Kerckhofs, Ioannis Papantoniou, Sandra Van Vlierberghe, Veerle Boterberg, Peter Dubruel, Frank P Luyten, Jan Schrooten, Liesbet Geris

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Maarten SonnaertPrometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium.
Greet KerckhofsPrometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Biomechanics Research Unit, Université de Liege, Liège, Belgium.
Ioannis PapantoniouPrometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Sandra Van VlierberghePolymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
Veerle BoterbergPolymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
Peter DubruelPolymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
Frank P LuytenPrometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Jan SchrootenPrometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium.
Liesbet GerisPrometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Biomechanics Research Unit, Université de Liege, Liège, Belgium; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics Section, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To progress the fields of tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine, development of quantitative methods for non-invasive three dimensional characterization of engineered constructs (i.e. cells/tissue combined with scaffolds) becomes essential. In this study, we have defined the most optimal staining conditions for contrast-enhanced nanofocus computed tomography for three dimensional visualization and quantitative analysis of in vitro engineered neo-tissue (i.e. extracellular matrix containing cells) in perfusion bioreactor-developed Ti6Al4V constructs. A fractional factorial 'design of experiments' approach was used to elucidate the influence of the staining time and concentration of two contrast agents (Hexabrix and phosphotungstic acid) and the neo-tissue volume on the image contrast and dataset quality. Additionally, the neo-tissue shrinkage that was induced by phosphotungstic acid staining was quantified to determine the operating window within which this contrast agent can be accurately applied. For Hexabrix the staining concentration was the main parameter influencing image contrast and dataset quality. Using phosphotungstic acid the staining concentration had a significant influence on the image contrast while both staining concentration and neo-tissue volume had an influence on the dataset quality. The use of high concentrations of phosphotungstic acid did however introduce significant shrinkage of the neo-tissue indicating that, despite sub-optimal image contrast, low concentrations of this staining agent should be used to enable quantitative analysis. To conclude, design of experiments allowed us to define the most optimal staining conditions for contrast-enhanced nanofocus computed tomography to be used as a routine screening tool of neo-tissue formation in Ti6Al4V constructs, transforming it into a robust three dimensional quality control methodology.

Indexed as

AlloysBioreactorsCells, CulturedContrast MediaExtracellular MatrixHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalPeriosteumPhosphotungstic AcidStaining and LabelingTissue EngineeringTissue ScaffoldsTitaniumTomography, X-Ray ComputedAlloysContrast MediaPhosphotungstic AcidTitaniumtitanium alloy (TiAl6V4)

Identifiers

PMID26076131
PMCPMC4467978

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.