ArticleBioMed research international2015
Chewing gum: cognitive performance, mood, well-being, and associated physiology.
Article in BioMed research international, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Effects of Chewing Gum on Reducing Anxiety and Stress: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2022Pooled it
- Subject-specific stability of toothbrushing performance: insights from dynamic time warping and phenotype analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Trial
- The Effects of Chewing Gum in Preventing Eyestrain.BioMed research international · 2020Trial
- Sex-specific systemic and brain metabolic responses to a standardized ketogenic diet in mice.Lab animal · 2026Article
- The Effects of Traditional Chinese Music and Western Classical Music on Mental Fatigue Induced by Cognitive Tasks.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Association Between Gum Chewing and Temporomandibular Disorders.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The Neural Correlates of Chewing Gum-A Neuroimaging Review of Its Effects on Brain Activity.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Revealing the Acute Effects of Dietary Components on Mood and Cognition: The Role of Autonomic Nervous System Responses.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Mastication stimuli regulate the heartbeat rate through rhythmic regulation by the hypothalamic-autonomic system; molecular and telemetric studies in weaning-stage rats.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Vigilance Decrement and Enhancement Techniques: A Review.Brain sciences · 2019Review
- Chewing gum and stress reduction.Journal of clinical and translational research · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent evidence has indicated that chewing gum can enhance attention, as well as promoting well-being and work performance. Four studies (two experiments and two intervention studies) examined the robustness of and mechanisms for these effects. Study 1 investigated the acute effect of gum on mood in the absence of task performance. Study 2 examined the effect of rate and force of chewing on mood and attention performance. Study 3 assessed the effects of chewing gum during one working day on well-being and performance, as well as postwork mood and cognitive performance. In Study 4, performance and well-being were reported throughout the workday and at the end of the day, and heart rate and cortisol were measured. Under experimental conditions, gum was associated with higher alertness regardless of whether performance tasks were completed and altered sustained attention. Rate of chewing and subjective force of chewing did not alter mood but had some limited effects on attention. Chewing gum during the workday was associated with higher productivity and fewer cognitive problems, raised cortisol levels in the morning, and did not affect heart rate. The results emphasise that chewing gum can attenuate reductions in alertness, suggesting that chewing gum enhances worker performance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.