ArticleFrontiers in neuroscience2015
A spiking Basal Ganglia model of synchrony, exploration and decision making.
Article in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pallidal alpha activity is an electrophysiological biomarker of symptom severity in obsessive-compulsive disorder.Research square · 2026Article
- SpikeAEC: a neuromodulation-based spiking controller for explore-exploit balancing in mobile robots.Frontiers in neurorobotics · 2026Article
- Basal ganglia deep brain stimulation restores cognitive flexibility and exploration-exploitation balance disrupted by NMDA-R antagonism.Nature communications · 2025Article
- CBGTPy: An extensible cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic framework for modeling biological decision making.PloS one · 2025Article
- Break-up and recovery of harmony between direct and indirect pathways in the basal ganglia: Huntington's disease and treatment.Cognitive neurodynamics · 2024Article
- Quantifying harmony between direct and indirect pathways in the basal ganglia: healthy and Parkinsonian states.Cognitive neurodynamics · 2024Article
- CBGTPy: An extensible cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic framework for modeling biological decision making.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- A Computational Model of Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease Tremor and Bradykinesia.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Improved control effect of pathological oscillations by using delayed feedback stimulation in neural mass model with pedunculopontine nucleus.Brain and behavior · 2023Article
- A generalized reinforcement learning based deep neural network agent model for diverse cognitive constructs.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- A systematic review of neural, cognitive, and clinical studies of anger and aggression.Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.) · 2022Article
- A Multi-Scale Computational Model of Levodopa-Induced Toxicity in Parkinson's Disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- A dynamical model for the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical oscillatory activity and its implications in Parkinson's disease.Cognitive neurodynamics · 2021Article
- A biologically constrained spiking neural network model of the primate basal ganglia with overlapping pathways exhibits action selection.The European journal of neuroscience · 2021Article
- Ankle Push-Off Based Mathematical Model for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Article
- A Multi-Scale Computational Model of Excitotoxic Loss of Dopaminergic Cells in Parkinson's Disease.Frontiers in neuroinformatics · 2020Article
- A Computational Model of Loss of Dopaminergic Cells in Parkinson's Disease Due to Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2019Article
- Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus Induces Impulsive Responses to Bursts of Sensory Evidence.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
- The role of cortical oscillations in a spiking neural network model of the basal ganglia.PloS one · 2017Article
- Reward Based Motor Adaptation Mediated by Basal Ganglia.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To make an optimal decision we need to weigh all the available options, compare them with the current goal, and choose the most rewarding one. Depending on the situation an optimal decision could be to either "explore" or "exploit" or "not to take any action" for which the Basal Ganglia (BG) is considered to be a key neural substrate. In an attempt to expand this classical picture of BG function, we had earlier hypothesized that the Indirect Pathway (IP) of the BG could be the subcortical substrate for exploration. In this study we build a spiking network model to relate exploration to synchrony levels in the BG (which are a neural marker for tremor in Parkinson's disease). Key BG nuclei such as the Sub Thalamic Nucleus (STN), Globus Pallidus externus (GPe) and Globus Pallidus internus (GPi) were modeled as Izhikevich spiking neurons whereas the Striatal output was modeled as Poisson spikes. The model is cast in reinforcement learning framework with the dopamine signal representing reward prediction error. We apply the model to two decision making tasks: a binary action selection task (similar to one used by Humphries et al., 2006) and an n-armed bandit task (Bourdaud et al., 2008). The model shows that exploration levels could be controlled by STN's lateral connection strength which also influenced the synchrony levels in the STN-GPe circuit. An increase in STN's lateral strength led to a decrease in exploration which can be thought as the possible explanation for reduced exploratory levels in Parkinson's patients. Our simulations also show that on complete removal of IP, the model exhibits only Go and No-Go behaviors, thereby demonstrating the crucial role of IP in exploration. Our model provides a unified account for synchronization, action section, and explorative behavior.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.