ArticlePediatric pulmonology2016
Paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in children.
Article in Pediatric pulmonology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systemic review of tuberculosis with HIV coinfection in children.Pediatric radiology · 2017Pooled it
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Uveitis in Children: A Summary of the Latest Data from a 5-Year Literature Review (2018-2023).Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Morbidity and mortality in tuberculosis associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in children living with HIV: A narrative review.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2023Article
- Tuberculosis revisted: classic imaging findings in childhood.Pediatric radiology · 2023Review
- Tuberculosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome-An Extempore Game of Misfiring with Defense Arsenals.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Immunopathogenesis in HIV-associated pediatric tuberculosis.Pediatric research · 2022Review
- Tuberculosis IRIS: Pathogenesis, Presentation, and Management across the Spectrum of Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Thalidomide in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-negative tuberculous meningitis: A case report.Medicine · 2020Article
- A prospective study of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in HIV-infected children from high prevalence countries.PloS one · 2019Observational
- The tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: recent advances in clinical and pathogenesis research.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2018Article
- Pediatric pulmonology year in review 2016: Part 2.Pediatric pulmonology · 2017Review
- Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes Among HIV/TB-Coinfected Children in the International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) Network.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Article
- Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in children.SA journal of radiology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundParadoxical tuberculosis (TB)-associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) is a common complication of combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) initiation in adults residing in resource-limited regions. Little is known about the burden and presentation of TB-IRIS in children initiating cART while receiving TB treatment.
methodsProspective cohort study of South African children initiating cART while on TB treatment. Children were assessed clinically and by chest x-ray before starting cART and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 weeks post cART initiation. All children who presented with any signs or symptoms suggestive of paradoxical TB-IRIS were classified according to the consensus adult TB-IRIS case definition developed by the International Network for Study of HIV-associated IRIS (INSHI) and reviewed by an independent expert panel.
resultsIn 7 of the 104 children enrolled in the cohort, symptoms and/or clinical or radiological signs suggestive of paradoxical TB-IRIS developed after a median of 14 days of cART. In two of these cases, there was agreement between the INSHI case definition and the expert panel. In an additional 3 cases, the INSHI criteria were fulfilled but the expert panel made an alternative diagnosis of pneumonia (n = 2) and poor adherence to cART (n = 1).
conclusionsThe burden of paradoxical TB-IRIS in children with underlying TB initiating cART is low. Including response to antibiotic treatment for pneumonia as a criterion for an alternative diagnosis may improve the specificity of the INSHI case definition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.