Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26072127›Full record

ArticleInternational urogynecology journal2015

The repeatability of sonographic measures of functional pelvic floor anatomy.

Li Tan, Ka Lai Shek, Ixora Kamisan Atan, Rodrigo Guzman Rojas, Hans Peter Dietz

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in International urogynecology journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Observational
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Factors involved in changes in the levator ani during pregnancy.International urogynecology journal · 2023
    Observational
  6. Automatic identification and segmentation of slice of minimal hiatal dimensions in transperineal ultrasound volumes.Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2022
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Ultrasound imaging of maternal birth trauma.International urogynecology journal · 2021
    Review
  10. The effect of pessary treatment on puborectalis muscle function.International urogynecology journal · 2021
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Observational
  14. Pelvic organ support several years after a first birth.International urogynecology journal · 2017
    Article
  15. Observational
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. What is normal bladder neck anatomy?International urogynecology journal · 2016
    Article
  19. Article
  20. What is abnormal uterine descent on translabial ultrasound?International urogynecology journal · 2015
    Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Li TanDepartment of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
Ka Lai ShekLiverpool Hospital, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Ixora Kamisan AtanSydney Medical School Nepean, University of Sydney, Nepean Hospital, Penrith, NSW, 2750, Australia.
Rodrigo Guzman RojasDepartamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.
Hans Peter DietzSydney Medical School Nepean, University of Sydney, Nepean Hospital, Penrith, NSW, 2750, Australia. hpdietz@bigpond.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introduction and hypothesisTranslabial 3D/4D ultrasound is increasingly being used in the diagnostic evaluation of pelvic floor dysfunction. The result of the assessment is influenced by a number of confounders that are generally unrecognised. The aim of this study was to determine the short- to medium-term repeatability of translabial ultrasound measures of female pelvic organ support and pelvic floor anatomy.

methodsThis is a retrospective study analyzing archived ultrasound volume datasets of 106 patients with pelvic floor dysfunction. Every subject was assessed twice at an average interval of 73 days. Outcome measures including hiatal area on Valsalva, descent of the bladder neck, bladder, uterus and rectal ampulla, rectocele depth, diagnosis of true rectocele, and levator integrity (avulsion) were compared at the first and second appointments.

resultsAll parameters of organ descent demonstrated good to excellent reliability (ICC 0.73-0.93) except for rectocele descent, which showed moderate reliability (ICC 0.44, CI 0.26-0.58). The most highly repeatable measure was hiatal area on Valsalva or "ballooning" (ICC 0.93, CI 0.90-0.95). For the diagnosis of levator avulsion and true rectocele, agreement was very high (kappa 0.91 for avulsion (CI 0.77-0.94) and kappa 0.73 (CI 0.56-0.84) for true rectocele).

conclusionsThe short- to medium-term repeatability of translabial ultrasound measures of functional pelvic floor anatomy seems to be high. Hiatal area on Valsalva (ballooning) and diagnosis of levator avulsion were the most repeatable measures. The least repeatable measures related to the posterior compartment.

Indexed as

FemaleHumansMiddle AgedPelvic FloorPelvic Organ ProlapseReproducibility of ResultsRetrospective StudiesUltrasonographyFemale pelvic organ prolapseLevator avulsionPelvic floorRepeatabilityTranslabial ultrasound

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.