ArticlePLoS pathogens2015
Host Transcriptional Response to Influenza and Other Acute Respiratory Viral Infections--A Prospective Cohort Study.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- A consensus immune dysregulation framework for sepsis and critical illnesses.Nature medicine · 2025Guideline
- A Meta-Analysis of Multiple Whole Blood Gene Expression Data Unveils a Diagnostic Host-Response Transcript Signature for Respiratory Syncytial Virus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Longitudinal transcriptional analysis of peripheral blood leukocytes in COVID-19 convalescent donors.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Trial
- A 6-mRNA host response classifier in whole blood predicts outcomes in COVID-19 and other acute viral infections.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Transcriptome assists prognosis of disease severity in respiratory syncytial virus infected infants.Scientific reports · 2016Trial
- Blood transcriptomic signatures distinguishEmerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Article
- Exploratory study on blood and urine transcriptomes for identifying miRNA biomarkers in pediatric febrile bacterial and viral infections.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Immune Responses to Influenza Infection in Children.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic profiling reveals immune signatures associated with potential COVID-19 susceptibility and a predictive framework in a Chinese cohort.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- COVID-19 immunopathological features for the prediction and prevention of future emerging respiratory viral infections.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Review
- Deep immune profiling delineates hallmarks of disease heterogeneity in extrapulmonary tuberculosis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Multivariate Host-Pathogen Interactions Driving Heterogeneous Viral Shedding and CD8medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- The host response to influenza infections in human lung and macrophages cell lines.BMC genomic data · 2025Article
- Hidden in plain sight: the impact of human rhinovirus infection in adults.Respiratory research · 2025Review
- lncRNALife science alliance · 2025Article
- Two-transcript signature for differentiation and clinical outcomes in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) patients: a double-blind, multicenter, validation study.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Molecular characterization of cell decay in inflammation and topological assignment of released cfDNA for integrative laboratory and radiological outcome assessment.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To better understand the systemic response to naturally acquired acute respiratory viral infections, we prospectively enrolled 1610 healthy adults in 2009 and 2010. Of these, 142 subjects were followed for detailed evaluation of acute viral respiratory illness. We examined peripheral blood gene expression at 7 timepoints: enrollment, 5 illness visits and the end of each year of the study. 133 completed all study visits and yielded technically adequate peripheral blood microarray gene expression data. Seventy-three (55%) had an influenza virus infection, 64 influenza A and 9 influenza B. The remaining subjects had a rhinovirus infection (N = 32), other viral infections (N = 4), or no viral agent identified (N = 24). The results, which were replicated between two seasons, showed a dramatic upregulation of interferon pathway and innate immunity genes. This persisted for 2-4 days. The data show a recovery phase at days 4 and 6 with differentially expressed transcripts implicated in cell proliferation and repair. By day 21 the gene expression pattern was indistinguishable from baseline (enrollment). Influenza virus infection induced a higher magnitude and longer duration of the shared expression signature of illness compared to the other viral infections. Using lineage and activation state-specific transcripts to produce cell composition scores, patterns of B and T lymphocyte depressions accompanied by a major activation of NK cells were detected in the acute phase of illness. The data also demonstrate multiple dynamic gene modules that are reorganized and strengthened following infection. Finally, we examined pre- and post-infection anti-influenza antibody titers defining novel gene expression correlates.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.