Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26069636›Full record

ArticleCartilage2012

Contrast-Enhanced Micro-Computed Tomography in Evaluation of Spontaneous Repair of Equine Cartilage.

K A M Kulmala, H J Pulkkinen, L Rieppo, V Tiitu, I Kiviranta, A Brünott, H Brommer, R van Weeren, P A J Brama, M T Mikkola and 3 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cartilage, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

K A M KulmalaDepartment of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland ; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
H J PulkkinenDepartment of Biomedicine, Anatomy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
L RieppoDepartment of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland ; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
V TiituDepartment of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Anatomy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland ; SIB-labs, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
I KivirantaDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland ; University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
A BrünottDepartment of Equine Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
H BrommerDepartment of Equine Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
R van WeerenDepartment of Equine Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
P A J BramaSection of Veterinary Clinical Studies, School of Agriculture, Food Science & Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
M T MikkolaDepartment of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
R K KorhonenDepartment of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
J S JurvelinDepartment of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
J TöyräsDepartment of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland ; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
University of Eastern Finland · FIUtrecht University · NLKuopio University Hospital · FIUniversity College Dublin · IEUniversity of Helsinki · FI

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveContrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) has been introduced for the evaluation of cartilage integrity. Furthermore, CECT enables imaging of the structure and density of subchondral bone. In this laboratory study, we investigate the potential of microCECT to simultaneously image cartilage and subchondral bone for the evaluation of tissue healing.

designOsteochondral lesions (Ø = 6 mm) were surgically created in equine intercarpal joints (n = 7). After spontaneous healing for 12 months, the horses were sacrificed and osteochondral plugs (Ø = 14 mm), including the repair cartilage and adjacent intact tissue, were harvested. The nonfibrillar and fibrillar moduli and the permeability of cartilage were determined using indentation testing. Contrast agent diffusion into the samples was imaged for 36 hours using high-resolution CT. Results from CECT, mechanical testing, and microscopic analyses were compared and correlated.

resultsThe contrast agent diffusion coefficient showed a significant (P < 0.05) difference between the repair and adjacent intact tissue. MicroCECT revealed altered (P < 0.05) bone volume fraction, mineral density, and microstructure of subchondral bone at the repair site. The contrast agent diffusion coefficient correlated with the moduli of the nonfibrillar matrix (R = -0.662, P = 0.010), collagen fibril parallelism index (R = -0.588, P = 0.035), and glycosaminoglycan content (R = -0.503, P = 0.067). The repair cartilage was mechanically and structurally different from adjacent intact tissue (P < 0.05).

conclusionsMicroCECT enabled simultaneous quantitative evaluation of subchondral bone and monitoring of cartilage repair, distinguishing quantitatively the repair site from the adjacent intact tissue. As the only technique able to simultaneously image cartilage and determine subchondral bone mineral density and microstructure, CECT has potential clinical value.

Indexed as

cartilagecomputed tomographycontrast agentrepairsubchondral bone

Identifiers

PMID26069636
PMCPMC4297117
OpenAlexW2105902714

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.