Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26066948›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of public health2015

Impact of Mandatory Carbon Monoxide Alarms: An Investigation of the Effects on Detection and Poisoning Rates in New York City.

Katherine Wheeler-Martin, Sari Soghoian, Jane M Prosser, Alex F Manini, Elizabeth Marker, Marina Stajic, David Prezant, Lewis S Nelson, Robert S Hoffman

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Katherine Wheeler-MartinKatherine Wheeler-Martin is with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY. Sari Soghoian is with the Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York. Jane M. Prosser is with the Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York. Alex F. Manini is with the Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York. Elizabeth Marker and Marina Stajic are with the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner New York City. David Prezant is with the Fire Department of New York City. Lewis S. Nelson and Robert S. Hoffman are with the New York City Poison Center.
Sari SoghoianKatherine Wheeler-Martin is with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY. Sari Soghoian is with the Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York. Jane M. Prosser is with the Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York. Alex F. Manini is with the Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York. Elizabeth Marker and Marina Stajic are with the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner New York City. David Prezant is with the Fire Department of New York City. Lewis S. Nelson and Robert S. Hoffman are with the New York City Poison Center.
Jane M ProsserKatherine Wheeler-Martin is with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY. Sari Soghoian is with the Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York. Jane M. Prosser is with the Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York. Alex F. Manini is with the Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York. Elizabeth Marker and Marina Stajic are with the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner New York City. David Prezant is with the Fire Department of New York City. Lewis S. Nelson and Robert S. Hoffman are with the New York City Poison Center.
Alex F ManiniKatherine Wheeler-Martin is with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY. Sari Soghoian is with the Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York. Jane M. Prosser is with the Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York. Alex F. Manini is with the Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York. Elizabeth Marker and Marina Stajic are with the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner New York City. David Prezant is with the Fire Department of New York City. Lewis S. Nelson and Robert S. Hoffman are with the New York City Poison Center.
Elizabeth MarkerKatherine Wheeler-Martin is with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY. Sari Soghoian is with the Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York. Jane M. Prosser is with the Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York. Alex F. Manini is with the Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York. Elizabeth Marker and Marina Stajic are with the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner New York City. David Prezant is with the Fire Department of New York City. Lewis S. Nelson and Robert S. Hoffman are with the New York City Poison Center.
Marina StajicKatherine Wheeler-Martin is with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY. Sari Soghoian is with the Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York. Jane M. Prosser is with the Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York. Alex F. Manini is with the Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York. Elizabeth Marker and Marina Stajic are with the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner New York City. David Prezant is with the Fire Department of New York City. Lewis S. Nelson and Robert S. Hoffman are with the New York City Poison Center.
David PrezantKatherine Wheeler-Martin is with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY. Sari Soghoian is with the Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York. Jane M. Prosser is with the Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York. Alex F. Manini is with the Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York. Elizabeth Marker and Marina Stajic are with the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner New York City. David Prezant is with the Fire Department of New York City. Lewis S. Nelson and Robert S. Hoffman are with the New York City Poison Center.
Lewis S NelsonKatherine Wheeler-Martin is with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY. Sari Soghoian is with the Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York. Jane M. Prosser is with the Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York. Alex F. Manini is with the Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York. Elizabeth Marker and Marina Stajic are with the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner New York City. David Prezant is with the Fire Department of New York City. Lewis S. Nelson and Robert S. Hoffman are with the New York City Poison Center.
Robert S HoffmanKatherine Wheeler-Martin is with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY. Sari Soghoian is with the Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York. Jane M. Prosser is with the Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York. Alex F. Manini is with the Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York. Elizabeth Marker and Marina Stajic are with the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner New York City. David Prezant is with the Fire Department of New York City. Lewis S. Nelson and Robert S. Hoffman are with the New York City Poison Center.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesWe sought to evaluate the impact of New York City's (NYC's) 2004 carbon monoxide (CO) alarm legislation on CO incident detection and poisoning rates.

methodsWe compared CO poisoning deaths, hospitalizations, exposures reported to Poison Control, and fire department investigations, before and after the law for 2000 to 2010. Use of CO alarms was assessed in the 2009 NYC Community Health Survey.

resultsInvestigations that found indoor CO levels greater than 9 parts per million increased nearly 7-fold after the law (P < .001). There were nonsignificant decreases in unintentional, nonfire-related CO poisoning hospitalization rates (P = .114) and death rates (P = .216). After we controlled for ambient temperature, the law's effect on hospitalizations remained nonsignificantly protective (incidence rate ratio = 0.747; 95% confidence interval = 0.520, 1.074). By 2009, 83% of NYC residents reported having CO alarms; only 54% also recently tested or replaced their batteries.

conclusionsMandating CO alarms significantly increased the detection of potentially hazardous CO levels in NYC homes. Small numbers and detection bias might have limited the discovery of significant decreases in poisoning outcomes. Investigation of individual poisoning circumstances since the law might elucidate remaining gaps in awareness and proper use of CO alarms.

Indexed as

Carbon MonoxideCarbon Monoxide PoisoningHumansMandatory ProgramsNew York CityProtective DevicesRetrospective StudiesCarbon Monoxide

Identifiers

PMID26066948
PMCPMC4504304

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.