ArticlePloS one2015
Galectin-1, -3 and -9 Expression and Clinical Significance in Squamous Cervical Cancer.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of galectins in modulating the tumor microenvironment and driving metastasis in skin cancers.Biological research · 2026Review
- Galectins at the crossroads of tumor immunity, metabolism, and metastasis: mechanisms, therapeutic resistance, and translational opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Characterization of T cell receptor repertoire in penile cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Clinical significance of galectin-3 expression in urinary bladder carcinoma.The Journal of international medical research · 2023Article
- Contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined targeted microbubbles for diagnosis of highly aggressive papillary thyroid carcinoma.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Galectins as pivotal components in oncogenesis and immune exclusion in human malignancies.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Galectin-9 Expression is Correlated to Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression and Overall Survival.OncoTargets and therapy · 2023Article
- Galectin-8 and -9 as prognostic factors for cervical cancer.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2022Article
- Mechanisms Controlling Selective Elimination of Damaged Lysosomes.Current opinion in physiology · 2022Article
- The role of galectins‑1, 3, 7, 8 and 9 as potential diagnostic and therapeutic markers in ovarian cancer (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2022Article
- Response to Article "Serum Levels of Galectin-9 are Increased in Cervical Cancer Patients and are Higher in Advanced Clinical Stages" [Response to Letter].OncoTargets and therapy · 2022Article
- Serum Levels of Galectin-9 are Increased in Cervical Cancer Patients and are Higher in Advanced Clinical Stages.OncoTargets and therapy · 2022Article
- A Novel Prognostic Risk Model for Cervical Cancer Based on Immune Checkpoint HLA-G-Driven Differentially Expressed Genes.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Response to Article "Serum Levels of Galectin-9 are Increased in Cervical Cancer Patients and are Higher in Advanced Clinical Stages" [Letter].OncoTargets and therapy · 2022Article
- Article
- Pharmacological Effects of Guava (International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Review
- Galectin-3 Expression in High-Risk HPV-Positive and Negative Head & Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas and Regional Lymph Node Metastases.Head and neck pathology · 2021Article
- Protozoan-Viral-Bacterial Co-Infections Alter Galectin Levels and Associated Immunity Mediators in the Female Genital Tract.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Histone H3K9 and H3K14 acetylation at the promoter of the LGALS9 gene is associated with mRNA levels in cervical cancer cells.FEBS open bio · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Galectins are proteins that bind β-galactoside sugars and provide a new type of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer. Galectin-1, -3 and -9 have become the focus of different research groups, but their expression and function in cervical cancer is still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the phenotype of galectin-1, -3 and -9 expressing cells and the association with clinico-pathological parameters in cervical cancer. Galectin expression was scored in tumor cells, tumor epithelium infiltrating immune cells and stromal cells in squamous cervical cancer (n = 160). Correlations with clinico-pathological parameters and survival were studied according to the REMARK recommendations. We additionally investigated whether the galectins were expressed by tumor cells, fibroblasts, macrophages and T cells. Galectin-1 and -9 were both expressed by tumor cells in 11% of samples, while 84% expressed galectin-3. Strong galectin-1 expression by tumor cells was an independent predictor for poor survival (hazard ratio: 8.02, p = 0.001) and correlated with increased tumor invasion (p = 0.032) and receiving post-operative radiotherapy (p = 0.020). Weak and positive tumor cell galectin-3 expression were correlated with increased and decreased tumor invasion, respectively (p = 0.012). Tumor cell expression of galectin-9 showed a trend toward improved survival (p = 0.087). The predominant immune cell type expressing galectin-1, -3 and -9 were CD163+ macrophages. Galectin-1 and -3 were expressed by a minor population of T cells. Galectin-1 was mainly expressed by fibroblasts in the tumor stroma. To conclude, while tumor cell expression of galectin-9 seemed to represent a beneficial response, galectin-1 expression might be used as a marker for a more aggressive anti-cancer treatment.
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