ArticleJournal of immunology research2015
Significant Depletion of CD4(+) T Cells Occurs in the Oral Mucosa during Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection with the Infected CD4(+) T Cell Reservoir Continuing to Persist in the Oral Mucosa during Antiretroviral Therapy.
Article in Journal of immunology research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroimmune cell interactions and chronic infections in oral cancers.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Oral immune dysfunction is associated with the expansion of FOXP3Nature communications · 2021Article
- Gut Microbiome Homeostasis and the CD4 T- Follicular Helper Cell IgA Axis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Mucosal Regulatory T Cells and T Helper 17 Cells in HIV-Associated Immune Activation.Frontiers in immunology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human and simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV and SIV) infections are characterized by manifestation of numerous opportunistic infections and inflammatory conditions in the oral mucosa. The loss of CD4(+) T cells that play a critical role in maintaining mucosal immunity likely contributes to this process. Here we show that CD4(+) T cells constitute a minor population of T cells in the oral mucosa and display a predominantly central memory phenotype mirroring other mucosal sites such as the rectal mucosa. Chronic SIV infection was associated with a near total depletion of CD4(+) T cells in the oral mucosa that appear to repopulate during antiretroviral therapy (ART). Repopulating CD4(+) T cells harbored a large fraction of Th17 cells suggesting that ART potentially reconstitutes oral mucosal immunity. However, a minor fraction of repopulating CD4(+) T cells harbored SIV DNA suggesting that the viral reservoir continues to persist in the oral mucosa during ART. Therapeutic approaches aimed at obtaining sustainable CD4(+) T cell repopulation in combination with strategies that can eradicate the latent viral reservoir in the oral mucosa are essential for better oral health and long-term outcome in HIV infected patients.
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Registered trials
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