Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26062925›Full record

Trial reportSupportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer2016

Effects of enhanced caregiver training program on cancer caregiver's self-efficacy, preparedness, and psychological well-being.

Cristina C Hendrix, Donald E Bailey, Karen E Steinhauser, Maren K Olsen, Karen M Stechuchak, Sarah G Lowman, Abby J Schwartz, Richard F Riedel, Francis J Keefe, Laura S Porter and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
79citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

79 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 173 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Informational support for depression and quality of life improvements in older patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2022
    Pooled it
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  7. Trial
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  9. Factors associated with depression and anxiety symptoms in family caregivers of patients with incurable cancer.Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2016
    Trial
  10. Non-pharmacological interventions for informal cancer caregivers: a JBI scoping review and gap analysis.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
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  11. Review
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  16. Family perceptions of the transition from hospital to home palliative care: a phenomenological study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025
    Article
  17. Training and Preparedness among Informal Cancer Caregivers.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025
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  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Cristina C HendrixDuke University School of Nursing, 307 Trent Drive, DUMC 3322, Room 3080, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Donald E BaileyDuke University School of Nursing, 307 Trent Drive, DUMC 3322, Room 3080, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Karen E SteinhauserCenter of Excellence for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 508 Fulton Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
Maren K OlsenCenter of Excellence for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 508 Fulton Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
Karen M StechuchakCenter of Excellence for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 508 Fulton Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
Sarah G LowmanDepartment of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, DUMC 2706, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Abby J SchwartzCenter for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Box 3003 DUMC, Room 3502 Busse Building, Blue Zone, Duke South Durham, NC, 27710, USA. abby.schwartz@duke.edu.
Richard F RiedelDivision of Medical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC 3198, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Francis J KeefeDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC 3159, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Laura S PorterDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC 3159, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
James A TulskyDuke Palliative Care, Duke University Health System, DUMC 2706, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Duke University · USDuke Medical Center · US

Funding

BEHAVIOR AND PHYSIOLOGY IN AGINGT32AG000029 · NIA · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Maria Marquine · 1985 to 2026
$9.3M
Uncertainty management in patients awaiting liver transplantP01NR010948 · NINR · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI TULSKY, JAMES A. · 2008 to 2012
$3.3M
NIA NIH HHS T32 AG000029NINR NIH HHS P01 NR010948
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeWe examined the effects of an enhanced informal caregiver training (Enhanced-CT) protocol in cancer symptom and caregiver stress management to caregivers of hospitalized cancer patients.

methodsWe recruited adult patients in oncology units and their informal caregivers. We utilized a two-armed, randomized controlled trial design with data collected at baseline, post-training, and at 2 and 4 weeks after hospital discharge. Primary outcomes were self-efficacy for managing patients' cancer symptoms and caregiver stress and preparedness for caregiving. Secondary outcomes were caregiver depression, anxiety, and burden. The education comparison (EDUC) group received information about community resources. We used general linear models to test for differences in the Enhanced-CT relative to the EDUC group.

resultsWe consented and randomized 138 dyads: Enhanced-CT = 68 and EDUC = 70. The Enhanced-CT group had a greater increase in caregiver self-efficacy for cancer symptom management and stress management and preparation for caregiving at the post-training assessment compared to the EDUC group but not at 2- and 4-week post-discharge assessments. There were no intervention group differences in depression, anxiety, and burden.

conclusionAn Enhanced-CT protocol resulted in short-term improvements in self-efficacy for managing patients' cancer symptoms and caregiver stress and preparedness for caregiving but not in caregivers' psychological well-being. The lack of sustained effects may be related to the single-dose nature of our intervention and the changing needs of informal caregivers after hospital discharge.

Indexed as

Self EfficacyAnxietyCaregiversDepressionFemaleHealth EducationHumansMaleMental HealthMiddle AgedNeoplasmsPatient DischargeStress, PsychologicalCaregiver trainingFamily caregiversHospital dischargeSymptom management

Identifiers

PMID26062925
PMCPMC4670577
OpenAlexW595324714

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.