ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2015
Cerebral Toxocariasis: Silent Progression to Neurodegenerative Disorders?
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 75 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 184 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global seroprevalence of Toxocara infection in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of a neglected parasitic threat.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Human toxocariasis.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Seroprevalence of human toxocariasis in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Seroprevalence estimates for toxocariasis in people worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Pooled it
- Updated evidence of the association between toxocariasis and epilepsy: Systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Pooled it
- From infection to cholangiocarcinoma: Why opisthorchiids break these rules.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Spatial transcriptomic atlas of murine neurotoxocariasis reveals region-specific host responses and dysfunction in the brain.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Distribution of nematophagous fungi and soil-transmitted helminths in outdoor built environments across Latin America.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Exploring the role of multi-pathogen infections in Alzheimer's disease: A case-control study.Virulence · 2025Article
- Seroprevalence of Toxocara spp. infection and its associated factors among children in Vietnam: A cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2025Article
- Toxocariasis as an Elderly Zoonosis: Seroprevalence, Neurocognitive Assessment, and Associated Risk Factors in Persons 50 Years and Older.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The potential relationship between Toxocara canis infection and epilepsy in a rat model.Parasitology research · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Toxocara infection and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang, China.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2025Article
- No evidence of Alzheimer's disease pathology in mice infected with Toxocara canis.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2025Article
- Neurobehavioral Disorders and Pathological Changes in the Brain of Mice Are Caused by Chronic Toxocara canis Larval Invasion with Low to Moderate Inoculum.Acta parasitologica · 2024Article
- Serological evidence of human exposure to foodborne zoonotic parasites in Romanian patients and possible association with food habits and hygiene.Food and waterborne parasitology · 2024Article
- Alterations of plasma circulating microRNAs in BALB/c mice with Toxocara canis visceral and cerebral larva migrans.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Challenges in Toxocariasis Diagnosis: From Pericarditis, through Hepatic Tumor, to the Detection of Brain Aneurysms: Case Report.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Prevalence, Infection, and Risk to Human Beings ofVeterinary sciences · 2024Review
- Efficacy of artemether against toxocariasis in mice: parasitological and immunopathological changes in brain, liver, and lung.Pathogens and global health · 2024Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toxocara canis and T. cati are highly prevalent nematode infections of the intestines of dogs and cats. In paratenic hosts, larvae do not mature in the intestine but instead migrate through the somatic tissues and organs of the body. The presence of these migrating larvae can contribute to pathology. Toxocara larvae can invade the brains of humans, and while case descriptions of cerebral toxocariasis are historically rare, improved diagnosis and greater awareness have contributed to increased detection. Despite this, cerebral or neurological toxocariasis (NT) remains a poorly understood phenomenon. Furthermore, our understanding of cognitive deficits due to toxocariasis in human populations remains particularly deficient. Recent data describe an enhanced expression of biomarkers associated with brain injury, such as GFAP, AβPP, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), NF-L, S100B, tTG, and p-tau, in mice receiving even low doses of Toxocara ova. Finally, this review outlines a hypothesis to explore the relationship between the presence of T. canis larvae in the brain and the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to enhanced AD-associated neurodegenerative biomarker expression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.