ArticleAIDS patient care and STDs2015
Differences in Response to Antiretroviral Therapy by Sex and Hepatitis C Infection Status.
Article in AIDS patient care and STDs, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of amphetamine-type stimulants on immune response in HIV-infected individuals: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Distinct inflammation-related proteins associated with T cell immune recovery during chronic HIV-1 infection.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- High prevalence of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance and factors associated with time to virological failure and viral suppression in Taiwan.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2021Article
- Plasma MicroRNA Signature Panel Predicts the Immune Response After Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy on the Trend in CD4Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2021Article
- Very high baseline HIV viremia impairs efficacy of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based ART: a long-term observation in treatment-naïve patients.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2020Article
- Incomplete immune reconstitution in HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy: Challenges of immunological non-responders.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2020Review
- The syndemic effect of HIV/HCV co-infection and mental health disorders on acute care hospitalization rate among people living with HIV/AIDS: a population-based retrospective cohort study.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2019Article
- Clinical characteristics of HIV-1-infected patients with high levels of plasma interferon-γ: a multicenter observational study.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Observational
- Article
- Observational
- Chronic hepatitis C virus infection and subsequent HIV viral load among women with HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
- Long-term viral suppression and immune recovery during first-line antiretroviral therapy: a study of an HIV-infected adult cohort in Hanoi, Vietnam.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2017Article
- Modelling CD4 T Cell Recovery in Hepatitis C and HIV Co-infected Children Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2017Article
- Article
- Narrowing the Gap in Life Expectancy Between HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Individuals With Access to Care.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Article
- Interaction Between Alcohol Consumption Patterns, Antiretroviral Therapy Type, and Liver Fibrosis in Persons Living with HIV.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2016Article
- Gaps in the Continuum of HIV Care: Long Pretreatment Waiting Time between HIV Diagnosis and Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Leads to Poor Treatment Adherence and Outcomes.BioMed research international · 2016Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection and biological sex may each affect response to antiretroviral therapy (ART), yet no studies have examined HIV-associated outcomes by both HCV status and sex. We conducted a cohort study of HIV-infected adults initiating ART in Kaiser Permanente California during 1996-2011. We used piecewise linear regression to assess CD4 changes by sex and HCV status over 5 years. We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) by sex and HCV status for HIV RNA <500 copies/mL over 1 year, and for AIDS and death over the follow-up period. Among 12,865 subjects, there were 154 HIV/HCV-co-infected women, 1000 HIV/HCV-co-infected men, 1088 HIV-mono-infected women, and 10,623 HIV-mono-infected men. CD4 increases were slower in the first year for HIV/HCV-co-infected women (75 cells/μL) and men (70 cells/μL) compared with HIV-mono-infected women (145 cells/μL) and men (120 cells/μL; p<0.001). After 5 years, women had higher CD4 than men in both HIV-mono-infected (598 vs. 562 cells/μL, p=0.003) and HIV/HCV-co-infected individuals (567 vs. 509 cells/μL, p=0.003). Regardless of sex, HIV/HCV co-infection was associated with 40% higher mortality [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-1.6] compared with HIV mono-infection, but was not associated with AIDS (HR 1.1, 95% CI: 0.9-1.3) or achieving HIV RNA <500 copies/mL (HR 1.0, 95% CI: 0.9-1.1). HIV/HCV-co-infected men and women have slower CD4 recovery after starting ART and have increased mortality compared with HIV-mono-infected men and women. HCV should be aggressively treated in HIV/HCV-co-infected adults, regardless of sex.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.