ArticleAIDS research and human retroviruses2015
Innate Antibacterial Activity in Female Genital Tract Secretions Is Associated with Increased Risk of HIV Acquisition.
Article in AIDS research and human retroviruses, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Improvement of abnormal vaginal flora in Ugandan women by self-testing and short use of intravaginal antimicrobials.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2017Trial
- Defensins: defenders of human reproductive health.Human reproduction update · 2023Review
- Impact of reproductive aging on the vaginal microbiome and soluble immune mediators in women living with and at-risk for HIV infection.PloS one · 2019Article
- HIV Status and Other Risk Factors for Prevalent and Incident Sexually Transmitted Infection during Pregnancy (2000-2014).Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology · 2019Article
- The Vaginal Microenvironment: The Physiologic Role ofFrontiers in medicine · 2018Review
- Risk of heterosexual HIV transmission attributable to sexually transmitted infections and non-specific genital inflammation in Zambian discordant couples, 1994-2012.International journal of epidemiology · 2017Article
- Comparison of Mucosal Markers of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Susceptibility in Healthy Premenopausal Versus Postmenopausal Women.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2017Article
- The Role of Defensins in HIV Pathogenesis.Mediators of inflammation · 2017Review
- Defensin gene variation and HIV/AIDS: a comprehensive perspective needed.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2016Review
- Genital inflammation, immune activation and risk of sexual HIV acquisition.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2016Review
- IL-36γ Augments Host Defense and Immune Responses in Human Female Reproductive Tract Epithelial Cells.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Greater inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli and levels of human β defensin (HBD)-2 in genital tract secretions predicted HIV acquisition in women in the HPTN 035 trial. We investigated whether higher levels of E. coli inhibitory activity and antimicrobial peptides in cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) samples predicted HIV acquisition in women in the CAPRISA 002 Acute Infection Study. E. coli inhibitory activity and antimicrobial peptides were quantified in CVL from a subset of CAPRISA 002 participants who did not seroconvert (n=39) and from seroconverting women prior to infection (n=17) and during acute infection (n=11). Women who acquired HIV had significantly greater preinfection CVL E. coli inhibitory activity (p=0.01) and HBD-1 levels (p=0.02) compared to women who remained uninfected. Preinfection E. coli inhibitory activity remained significantly associated with seroconversion following adjustment for the presence of bacterial vaginosis (OR 1.45; 95% CI 1.07, 1.97). Partial least squares discriminant analysis confirmed that preinfection CVL E. coli inhibitory activity, together with higher CVL concentrations of HBD-1 and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, distinguished seroconverters from nonseroconverters with 67% calibration accuracy. CVL concentrations of human neutrophil peptides (HNP) 1-3 increased significantly with acute infection (p=0.001) and correlated with plasma viral set point (r=0.66, p=0.03). E. coli inhibitory activity in genital tract secretions could provide a biomarker of HIV risk. The correlation between HNP 1-3 and viral set point merits further investigation of the relationship between mucosal inflammation during early HIV infection and disease progression.
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Registered trials
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