Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26060018›Full record

ArticleCancer research2015

Androgen Receptor Splice Variants Dimerize to Transactivate Target Genes.

Duo Xu, Yang Zhan, Yanfeng Qi, Bo Cao, Shanshan Bai, Wei Xu, Sanjiv S Gambhir, Peng Lee, Oliver Sartor, Erik K Flemington and 3 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 123 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
123citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
18.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

123 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 189 citations in OpenAlex.

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  18. Androgen receptor and estrogen receptor variants in prostate and breast cancers.The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology · 2024
    Review
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  20. Article

63 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Duo XuCollege of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China. Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, Louisiana. School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Yang ZhanDepartment of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Yanfeng QiDepartment of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Bo CaoCollege of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China. Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Shanshan BaiCollege of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China. Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Wei XuMcArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.
Sanjiv S GambhirBio-X Program and Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Peng LeeDepartment of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Oliver SartorDepartment of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, Louisiana. Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Erik K FlemingtonDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Haitao ZhangDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Chang-Deng HuDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
Yan DongCollege of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China. Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, Louisiana. National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun, China. ydong@tulane.edu.
Tulane University · USNew York University · USPurdue University West Lafayette · USStanford Medicine · USUniversity of Wisconsin System · US

Funding

Mentoring a Cancer Genetics ProgramP20GM103518 · NIGMS · TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA · PI DEININGER, PRESCOTT L. · 2012 to 2013
$4.3M
Epstein Barr virus antisense transcriptionR01AI106676 · NIAID · TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA · PI FLEMINGTON, ERIK K · 2014 to 2018
$1.9M
Intercellular communication in Epstein Barr virus reactivationR01AI101046 · NIAID · TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA · PI FLEMINGTON, ERIK K · 2012 to 2016
$1.9M
An inevitable mechanism of resistance to androgen-directed therapyR01CA188609 · NCI · TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA · PI DONG, YAN · 2014 to 2018
$1.6M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA188609NCI NIH HHS R01CA188609NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI101046NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI106676NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103518NIGMS NIH HHS P20GM103518
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Constitutively active androgen receptor splice variants (AR-V) lacking the ligand-binding domain have been implicated in the pathogenesis of castration-resistant prostate cancer and in mediating resistance to newer drugs that target the androgen axis. AR-V regulates expression of both canonical AR targets and a unique set of cancer-specific targets that are enriched for cell-cycle functions. However, little is known about how AR-V controls gene expression. Here, we report that two major AR-Vs, termed AR-V7 and AR(v567es), not only homodimerize and heterodimerize with each other but also heterodimerize with full-length androgen receptor (AR-FL) in an androgen-independent manner. We found that heterodimerization of AR-V and AR-FL was mediated by N- and C-terminal interactions and by the DNA-binding domain of each molecule, whereas AR-V homodimerization was mediated only by DNA-binding domain interactions. Notably, AR-V dimerization was required to transactivate target genes and to confer castration-resistant cell growth. Our results clarify the mechanism by which AR-Vs mediate gene regulation and provide a pivotal pathway for rational drug design to disrupt AR-V signaling as a rational strategy for the effective treatment of advanced prostate cancer.

Indexed as

Alternative SplicingAndrogensCell Line, TumorDNA-Binding ProteinsHumansLigandsMaleProstatic Neoplasms, Castration-ResistantProtein IsoformsProtein MultimerizationProtein Structure, TertiaryReceptors, AndrogenAndrogensAR protein, humanDNA-Binding ProteinsLigandsProtein IsoformsReceptors, Androgen

Identifiers

PMID26060018
PMCPMC4558376
OpenAlexW2171450779

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.