Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26056285›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015

MiR-204 is responsible for inherited retinal dystrophy associated with ocular coloboma.

Ivan Conte, Kristen D Hadfield, Sara Barbato, Sabrina Carrella, Mariateresa Pizzo, Rajeshwari S Bhat, Annamaria Carissimo, Marianthi Karali, Louise F Porter, Jill Urquhart and 6 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
81citing papers in PubMed
8.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

81 citing papers in PubMed, 115 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. Candidate Genes for Non-Syndromic Pediatric Cataracts.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026
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  13. Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025
    Article
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21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Ivan ConteTelethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli 80078, Italy;
Kristen D HadfieldManchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom;
Sara BarbatoTelethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli 80078, Italy;
Sabrina CarrellaTelethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli 80078, Italy;
Mariateresa PizzoTelethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli 80078, Italy;
Rajeshwari S BhatTelethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli 80078, Italy;
Annamaria CarissimoTelethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli 80078, Italy;
Marianthi KaraliTelethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli 80078, Italy;
Louise F PorterManchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom; Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom;
Jill UrquhartManchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom; Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom;
Sofie HateleyManchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom;
James O'SullivanManchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom;
Forbes D C MansonManchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom;
Stephan C F NeuhaussInstitute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
Sandro BanfiTelethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli 80078, Italy; Medical Genetics, Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy; European Retinal Dystrophy Consortium; banfi@tigem.it graeme.black@manchester.ac.uk.
Graeme C M BlackManchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom; Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom; European Retinal Dystrophy Consortium; United Kingdom Inherited Retinal Disease Consortium, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom banfi@tigem.it graeme.black@manchester.ac.uk.
Telethon Institute Of Genetics And Medicine · ITUniversity of Manchester · GBNational Health Service · GBUniversity of Zurich · CH

Funding

Department of Health BRF-2011-015Telethon TGM11SB2Telethon TGM11Z03
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ocular developmental disorders, including the group classified as microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and coloboma (MAC) and inherited retinal dystrophies, collectively represent leading causes of hereditary blindness. Characterized by extreme genetic and clinical heterogeneity, the separate groups share many common genetic causes, in particular relating to pathways controlling retinal and retinal pigment epithelial maintenance. To understand these shared pathways and delineate the overlap between these groups, we investigated the genetic cause of an autosomal dominantly inherited condition of retinal dystrophy and bilateral coloboma, present in varying degrees in a large, five-generation family. By linkage analysis and exome sequencing, we identified a previously undescribed heterozygous mutation, n.37 C > T, in the seed region of microRNA-204 (miR-204), which segregates with the disease in all affected individuals. We demonstrated that this mutation determines significant alterations of miR-204 targeting capabilities via in vitro assays, including transcriptome analysis. In vivo injection, in medaka fish (Oryzias latipes), of the mutated miR-204 caused a phenotype consistent with that observed in the family, including photoreceptor alterations with reduced numbers of both cones and rods as a result of increased apoptosis, thereby confirming the pathogenic effect of the n.37 C > T mutation. Finally, knockdown assays in medaka fish demonstrated that miR-204 is necessary for normal photoreceptor function. Overall, these data highlight the importance of miR-204 in the regulation of ocular development and maintenance and provide the first evidence, to our knowledge, of its contribution to eye disease, likely through a gain-of-function mechanism.

Indexed as

Base SequenceColobomaExomeFemaleGenetic LinkageHumansMaleMicroRNAsPedigreeRetinal DystrophiesSequence Homology, Nucleic AcidMicroRNAsMIRN204 microRNA, humancolobomamicroRNAmiR-204retinal degenerationretinitis pigmentosa

Identifiers

PMID26056285
PMCPMC4485104
OpenAlexW1894704888

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.