ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015
Molecular diffusion in the human nail measured by stimulated Raman scattering microscopy.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Label-free quantification of topical drug permeation in skin using sparse spectral sampling stimulated Raman scattering imaging.Biophotonics discovery · 2026Article
- Diffusion kinetics and perfusion times in tissue models obtained by bioorthogonal RamanBiophysical reports · 2024Article
- Fractional COLasers in surgery and medicine · 2022Article
- Tracking Molecular Diffusion across Biomaterials' Interfaces Using Stimulated Raman Scattering.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2022Article
- Bringing Vibrational Imaging to Chemical Biology with Molecular Probes.ACS chemical biology · 2022Article
- Coherent Raman Scattering Microscopy in Oncology Pharmacokinetic Research.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Utilizing Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy To Study Intracellular Distribution of Label-Free Ponatinib in Live Cells.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2020Article
- The Effect of Nail Lacquer on Taxane-Induced Nail Changes in Women With Breast Cancer.Breast cancer : basic and clinical research · 2020Article
- Mechanism of human nail poration by high-repetition-rate, femtosecond laser ablation.Drug delivery and translational research · 2019Article
- Biological imaging of chemical bonds by stimulated Raman scattering microscopy.Nature methods · 2019Review
- Label-free stimulated Raman scattering microscopy visualizes changes in intracellular morphology during human epidermal keratinocyte differentiation.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Raman Imaging of Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- A Novel Approach to Eliminate the Effect of External Stress on Interdiffusivity Measurement.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Article
- Imaging drug uptake by bioorthogonal stimulated Raman scattering microscopy.Chemical science · 2017Article
- In situ visualization of intracellular morphology of epidermal cells using stimulated Raman scattering microscopy.Journal of biomedical optics · 2016Article
- Stimulated Raman scattering microscopy: an emerging tool for drug discovery.Chemical Society reviews · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The effective treatment of diseases of the nail remains an important unmet medical need, primarily because of poor drug delivery. To address this challenge, the diffusion, in real time, of topically applied chemicals into the human nail has been visualized and characterized using stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy. Deuterated water (D2O), propylene glycol (PG-d8), and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO-d6) were separately applied to the dorsal surface of human nail samples. SRS microscopy was used to image D2O, PG-d8/DMSO-d6, and the nail through the O-D, -CD2, and -CH2 bond stretching Raman signals, respectively. Signal intensities obtained were measured as functions of time and of depth into the nail. It was observed that the diffusion of D2O was more than an order of magnitude faster than that of PG-d8 and DMSO-d6. Normalization of the Raman signals, to correct in part for scattering and absorption, permitted semiquantitative analysis of the permeation profiles and strongly suggested that solvent diffusion diverged from classical behavior and that derived diffusivities may be concentration dependent. It appeared that the uptake of solvent progressively undermined the integrity of the nail. This previously unreported application of SRS has permitted, therefore, direct visualization and semiquantitation of solvent penetration into the human nail. The kinetics of uptake of the three chemicals studied demonstrated that each altered its own diffusion in the nail in an apparently concentration-dependent fashion. The scale of the unexpected behavior observed may prove beneficial in the design and optimization of drug formulations to treat recalcitrant nail disease.
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