Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26056282›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015

RNASEK is required for internalization of diverse acid-dependent viruses.

Brent A Hackett, Ari Yasunaga, Debasis Panda, Michael A Tartell, Kaycie C Hopkins, Scott E Hensley, Sara Cherry

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Dengue virus infection.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
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  5. Cell entry mechanisms of porcine enteric coronaviruses.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
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  14. Transcriptional response ofThe Journal of general virology · 2022
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. The HAmerican journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2021
    Review
  18. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Brent A HackettDepartment of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104;
Ari YasunagaDepartment of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104;
Debasis PandaDepartment of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104;
Michael A TartellDepartment of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104;
Kaycie C HopkinsDepartment of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104;
Scott E HensleyVaccine Center, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Sara CherryDepartment of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104; cherrys@mail.med.upenn.edu.
University of Pennsylvania · USThe Wistar Institute · US

Funding

Vaccine strategy for broad spectrum protection agains non-typhoidal salmonellU54AI057168 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI WHITE, JUDITH M. · 2003 to 2013
$91.5M
Tumor Microenvironment and MetastasisP30CA010815 · NCI · WISTAR INSTITUTE · PI Luis J Montaner · 1985 to 2026
$75.9M
The role of autophagy in innate anti-viral immunity in DrosophilaR01AI074951 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI CHERRY, SARA · 2007 to 2017
$4.2M
Impact of prior influenza exposures on antibody repertoires to new viral strainsR01AI108686 · NIAID · WISTAR INSTITUTE · PI HENSLEY, SCOTT ERIC · 2014 to 2022
$3.7M
The effect of human pre-exposure history on antigenic drift of influenza virusesR01AI113047 · NIAID · WISTAR INSTITUTE · PI HENSLEY, SCOTT ERIC · 2014 to 2018
$2.5M
Dissecting the alphavirus entry receptor NRAMPR01AI095500 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI CHERRY, SARA · 2012 to 2015
$1.9M
Defining the determinants on the alphavirus receptor NRAMP required for virus binR21AI103441 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI CHERRY, SARA · 2013 to 2014
$440k
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA010815NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI074951NIAID NIH HHS R01AI074951NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI095500NIAID NIH HHS R01AI095500NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI108686NIAID NIH HHS R01AI108686NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI113047NIAID NIH HHS R01AI113047NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI103441NIAID NIH HHS R21AI103441NIAID NIH HHS U54 AI057168NIAID NIH HHS U54AI057168
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Viruses must gain entry into cells to establish infection. In general, viruses enter either at the plasma membrane or from intracellular endosomal compartments. Viruses that use endosomal pathways are dependent on the cellular factors that control this process; however, these genes have proven to be essential for endogenous cargo uptake, and thus are of limited value for therapeutic intervention. The identification of genes that are selectively required for viral uptake would make appealing drug targets, as their inhibition would block an early step in the life cycle of diverse viruses. At this time, we lack pan-antiviral therapeutics, in part because of our lack of knowledge of such cellular factors. RNAi screening has begun to reveal previously unknown genes that play roles in viral infection. We identified dRNASEK in two genome-wide RNAi screens performed in Drosophila cells against West Nile and Rift Valley Fever viruses. Here we found that ribonuclease kappa (RNASEK) is essential for the infection of human cells by divergent and unrelated positive- and negative-strand-enveloped viruses from the Flaviviridae, Togaviridae, Bunyaviridae, and Orthomyxoviridae families that all enter cells from endosomal compartments. In contrast, RNASEK was dispensable for viruses, including parainfluenza virus 5 and Coxsackie B virus, that enter at the plasma membrane. RNASEK is dispensable for attachment but is required for uptake of these acid-dependent viruses. Furthermore, this requirement appears specific, as general endocytic uptake of transferrin is unaffected in RNASEK-depleted cells. Therefore, RNASEK is a potential host cell Achilles' heel for viral infection.

Indexed as

EndocytosisMembrane FusionAnimalsDrosophilaHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationRibonucleasesRift Valley fever virusWest Nile virusRibonucleasesarbovirusclathrin-mediated endocytosisendocytosisentrymacropinocytosis

Identifiers

PMID26056282
PMCPMC4485095
OpenAlexW1583074038

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.