ArticleOncotarget2015
Combined estrogenic and anti-estrogenic properties of estetrol on breast cancer may provide a safe therapeutic window for the treatment of menopausal symptoms.
Article in Oncotarget, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Estetrol and its implications for contraception, venous thromboembolism, and breast cancer: an integrative review.Jornal vascular brasileiro · 2026Review
- Role of Membrane Estrogen Receptor Alpha on the Positive Feedback of Estrogens on Kisspeptin and GnRH Neurons.eNeuro · 2024Article
- Estetrol Inhibits Endometriosis Development in an In Vivo Murine Model.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Estetrol/GPER/SERPINB2 transduction signaling inhibits the motility of triple-negative breast cancer cells.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Interrogating Estrogen Signaling Pathways in Human ER-Positive Breast Cancer Cells Forming Bone Metastases in Mice.Endocrinology · 2024Article
- Comparison of Estetrol Exposure between Women and Mice to Model Preclinical Experiments and Anticipate Human Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Estetrol: From Preclinical to Clinical Pharmacology and Advances in the Understanding of the Molecular Mechanism of Action.Drugs in R&D · 2023Review
- Estetrol Increases Progesterone Genetic Response without Triggering Common Estrogenic Effects in Endometriotic Cell Lines and Primary Cultures.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Estetrol and Mammary Gland: Friends or Foes?Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2021Review
- Estetrol Combined to Progestogen for Menopause or Contraception Indication Is Neutral on Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2021Article
- Obesity as potential breast cancer risk factor for postmenopausal women.Genes & diseases · 2021Review
- Osteolytic effects of tumoral estrogen signaling in an estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer bone metastasis model.Journal of cancer metastasis and treatment · 2021Article
- Combined Oral Contraceptives and Venous Thromboembolism: Review and Perspective to Mitigate the Risk.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Pharmacology and Molecular Mechanisms of Clinically Relevant Estrogen Estetrol and Estrogen Mimic BMI-135 for the Treatment of Endocrine-Resistant Breast Cancer.Molecular pharmacology · 2020Article
- Method Development for Effect-Directed Analysis of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Human Amniotic Fluid.Environmental science & technology · 2019Article
- Accurate Control of 17β-Estradiol Long-Term Release Increases Reliability and Reproducibility of Preclinical Animal Studies.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2017Article
- Estetrol Modulates Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthesis in Human Endothelial Cells.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Increased risk of breast cancer is a critical side effect associated with the use of a menopausal hormone therapy (MHT). Estetrol (E4) is a natural estrogen produced by the human fetal liver and is a promising compound for clinical use in MHT. However, its impact on breast cancer is controversial and poorly defined. In this preclinical study, we show that E4 acts as a weak estrogen by stimulating the growth of hormone-dependent breast cancer only at concentrations exceeding menopausal therapeutic needs. E4 presents also an antitumor activity by decreasing the strong proliferative effect of estradiol (E2). While estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is the predominant receptor mediating its effects, the dual weak-estrogenic/anti-estrogenic feature of E4 results from differential signaling pathways activation. Both nuclear and rapid extra-nuclear signaling pathway are necessary for a complete estrogenic effect of E4. However, the antitumor action of E4 is not due to a capacity to antagonize E2-induced nuclear activity. Altogether, our results highlight that E4 has a limited impact on breast cancer and may offer a safe therapeutic window for the treatment of menopausal symptoms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.