ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2015
Sequence Analysis of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Thymidine Kinase and DNA Polymerase Genes from over 300 Clinical Isolates from 1973 to 2014 Finds Novel Mutations That May Be Relevant for Development of Antiviral Resistance.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Developments in genital herpes: progress in prevention and treatment.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Recurrence of acyclovir-resistant herpes encephalitis in an immunocompromised patient: A case report.World journal of clinical cases · 2025Article
- Control of HSV-1 Infection: Directions for the Development of CRISPR/Cas-Based Therapeutics and Diagnostics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Study of Hydrolysis Kinetics and Synthesis of Single Isomer of Phosphoramidate ProTide-Acyclovir.ACS omega · 2024Article
- Evolutionary Dynamics of Accelerated Antiviral Resistance Development in Hypermutator Herpesvirus.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Combination of ganciclovir and trifluridine prevents drug-resistance emergence in HSV-1.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Analysis of antiviral drug properties of thymidine kinase of herpes B virus using recombinant herpes simplex virus 1.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Large Subunit of the Human Herpes Simplex Virus Terminase as a Promising Target in Design of Anti-Herpesvirus Agents.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Photodynamic Inhibition of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infection by Tricationic Amphiphilic Porphyrin with a Long Alkyl Chain.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Current landscape in antiviral drug development against herpes simplex virus infections.Smart medicine · 2022Review
- Discovery, Chemistry, and Preclinical Development of Pritelivir, a Novel Treatment Option for Acyclovir-Resistant Herpes Simplex Virus Infections.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2022Article
- 40 Years after the Registration of Acyclovir: Do We Need New Anti-Herpetic Drugs?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Characteristics of Helicase-Primase Inhibitor Amenamevir-Resistant Herpes Simplex Virus.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2021Article
- The three-component helicase/primase complex of herpes simplex virus-1.Open biology · 2021Review
- Article
- Differences in the Likelihood of Acyclovir Resistance-Associated Mutations in the Thymidine Kinase Genes of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and Varicella-Zoster Virus.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2019Article
- The HIV Integrase Inhibitor Raltegravir Inhibits Felid Alphaherpesvirus 1 Replication by Targeting both DNA Replication and Late Gene Expression.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Severe acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus 1 infection following cord blood transplantation.International journal of hematology · 2018Article
- Acyclovir resistance in herpes simplex virus type I encephalitis: a case report.Journal of neurovirology · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A total of 302 clinical herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) strains, collected over 4 decades from 1973 to 2014, were characterized retrospectively for drug resistance. All HSV-1 isolates were analyzed genotypically for nonsynonymous mutations in the thymidine kinase (TK) and DNA polymerase (Pol) genes. The resistance phenotype against acyclovir (ACV) and/or foscarnet (FOS) was examined in the case of novel, unclear, or resistance-related mutations. Twenty-six novel natural polymorphisms could be detected in the TK gene and 69 in the DNA Pol gene. Furthermore, three novel resistance-associated mutations (two in the TK gene and one in the DNA Pol gene) were analyzed, and eight known but hitherto unclear amino acid substitutions (two encoded in TK and six in the DNA Pol gene) could be clarified. Between 1973 and 2014, the distribution of amino acid changes related to the natural gene polymorphisms of TK and DNA Pol remained largely stable. Resistance to ACV was confirmed phenotypically for 16 isolates, and resistance to ACV plus FOS was confirmed for 1 isolate. Acyclovir-resistant strains were observed from the year 1995 onwards, predominantly in immunosuppressed patients, especially those with stem cell transplantation, and the number of ACV-resistant strains increased during the last 2 decades. The data confirm the strong genetic variability among HIV-1 isolates, which is more pronounced in the DNA Pol gene than in the TK gene, and will facilitate considerably the rapid genotypic diagnosis of HSV-1 resistance.
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