ArticlePloS one2015
Nevirapine Concentration in Hair Samples Is a Strong Predictor of Virologic Suppression in a Prospective Cohort of HIV-Infected Patients.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
URBAN ARCH (3/5) Uganda Cohort TB Preventive Therapy for HIV-infected Alcohol Users in Uganda: an Evaluation of Safety Tolerability and Adherence
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Corticosteroids/β2-agonists in Hair in Asthmatic Patients: an Open-label Feasibility Study
Urine Tenofovir Point-of-care Test to Identify Patients in Need of ART Adherence Support (UTRA Study)
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antiretroviral Concentration in Hair as a Measure for Antiretroviral Medication Adherence: A Systematic Review of Global Literature.AIDS and behavior · 2020Pooled it
- The multifaceted role of hair as a biospecimen: recent advances in precision medicine and forensic science.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Point-of-care urine tenofovir monitoring of adherence to drive interventions for HIV treatment and prevention.Expert review of molecular diagnostics · 2024Review
- Obesity Modifies the Relationship Between Raltegravir and Dolutegravir Hair Concentrations and Body Weight Gain in Women Living with HIV.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2023Article
- Feasibility of remote self-collection of dried blood spots, hair, and nails among people with HIV with hazardous alcohol use.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2023Article
- Therapeutic drug monitoring of corticosteroids/βFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Relationship Dynamics are Associated with Self-Reported Adherence but not an Objective Adherence Measure in Malawi.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- Comparison of efavirenz levels in blood and hair with pharmacy refills as measures of adherence and predictors of viral suppression among people living with HIV in Nigeria.AIDS research and therapy · 2022Article
- Antiretroviral Refill Histories as a Predictor of Future Human Immunodeficiency Virus Viremia.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Article
- Hair Zidovudine Concentrations Predict Virologic Outcomes Among People Living with HIV/AIDS in China.Patient preference and adherence · 2022Article
- Tenofovir diphosphate levels in dried blood spots are associated with virologic failure and resistance to first-line therapy in South Africa: a case-control cohort study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Article
- Tenofovir and emtricitabine concentrations in hair are comparable between individuals on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate versus tenofovir alafenamide-based ART.Drug testing and analysis · 2021Article
- Association of Hair Concentrations of Antiretrovirals with Virologic Outcomes Among People Living with HIV in Guangxi, China.Patient preference and adherence · 2021Article
- Social Support Mitigates Negative Impact of Food Insecurity on Antiretroviral Adherence Among Postpartum Women in Western Kenya.AIDS and behavior · 2020Article
- Food Insecurity Is Associated With Lower Levels of Antiretroviral Drug Concentrations in Hair Among a Cohort of Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Intracellular Tenofovir and Emtricitabine Concentrations in Younger and Older Women with HIV Receiving Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2020Article
- Approaches to Objectively Measure Antiretroviral Medication Adherence and Drive Adherence Interventions.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2020Review
- Simultaneous analysis of 11 medications for drug resistant TB in small hair samples to quantify adherence and exposure using a validated LC-MS/MS panel.Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences · 2019Article
- Tenofovir concentrations in hair strongly predict virologic suppression in breastfeeding women.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Effective antiretroviral (ARV) therapy depends on adequate drug exposure, yet methods to assess ARV exposure are limited. Concentrations of ARV in hair are the product of steady-state pharmacokinetics factors and longitudinal adherence. We investigated nevirapine (NVP) concentrations in hair as a predictor of treatment response in women receiving ARVs. In participants of the Women's Interagency HIV Study, who reported NVP use for >1 month from 2003-2008, NVP concentrations in hair were measured via liquid-chromatography-tandem mass-spectrometry. The outcome was virologic suppression (plasma HIV RNA below assay threshold) at the time of hair sampling and the primary predictor was nevirapine concentration categorized into quartiles. We controlled for age, race/ethnicity, pre-treatment HIV RNA, CD4 cell count, and self-reported adherence over the 6-month visit interval (categorized ≤ 74%, 75%-94% or ≥ 95%). We also assessed the relation of NVP concentration with changes in hepatic transaminase levels via multivariate random intercept logistic regression and linear regression analyses. 271 women contributed 1089 person-visits to the analysis (median 3 of semi-annual visits). Viral suppression was least frequent in concentration quartile 1 (86/178 (48.3%)) and increased in higher quartiles (to 158/204 (77.5%) for quartile 4). The odds of viral suppression in the highest concentration quartile were 9.17 times (95% CI 3.2-26, P < 0.0001) those in the lowest. African-American race was associated with lower rates of virologic suppression independent of NVP hair concentration. NVP concentration was not significantly associated with patterns of serum transaminases. Concentration of NVP in hair was a strong independent predictor of virologic suppression in women taking NVP, stronger than self-reported adherence, but did not appear to be strongly predictive of hepatotoxicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.