Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26050256›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of epidemiology2015

Using genetics to test the causal relationship of total adiposity and periodontitis: Mendelian randomization analyses in the Gene-Lifestyle Interactions and Dental Endpoints (GLIDE) Consortium.

Dmitry Shungin, Marilyn C Cornelis, Kimon Divaris, Birte Holtfreter, John R Shaffer, Yau-Hua Yu, Silvana P Barros, James D Beck, Reiner Biffar, Eric A Boerwinkle and 31 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of epidemiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  16. Causal Inference: Onward and Upward!Journal of dental research · 2022
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

41 authors at 11 institutions in 5 countries.

Dmitry ShunginDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Marilyn C CornelisDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Kimon DivarisDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Birte HoltfreterDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
John R ShafferDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Yau-Hua YuDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Silvana P BarrosDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
James D BeckDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Reiner BiffarDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Eric A BoerwinkleDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Richard J CroutDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Andrea GannaDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Goran HallmansDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
George HindyDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Frank B HuDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Peter KraftDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Daniel W McNeilDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Olle MelanderDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Kevin L MossDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Kari E NorthDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Marju Orho-MelanderDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Nancy L PedersenDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Paul M RidkerDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Eric B RimmDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Lynda M RoseDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Gull RukhDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Alexander TeumerDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Robert J WeyantDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Daniel I ChasmanDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Kaumudi JoshipuraDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Thomas KocherDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Patrik K E MagnussonDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Mary L MarazitaDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Peter NilssonDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Steve OffenbacherDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
George Davey SmithDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Pernilla LundbergDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Tom M PalmerDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Nicholas J TimpsonDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Ingegerd JohanssonDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Paul W FranksDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Periodontology, and Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Human Genetics Center, and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Emeritus, Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hosptial, Malmö, Sweden, Dental Practice and Rural Health, Morgantown, WV, USA, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University Diabetes Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, Department of
Umeå University · SEHarvard University Press · USLund University · SEUniversität Greifswald · DEUniversity of Pittsburgh · USKarolinska Institutet · SEThe University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston · USUniversitätsmedizin Greifswald · DEUniversity of Bristol · GBUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USUniversity of Puerto Rico System · PR

Funding

Psychosocial Influences on Rural Children's Oral HealthR01DE014899 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI FOXMAN, BETSY, MARAZITA, MARY L. · 2002 to 2020
$39.9M
The Women's Health Study: Infrastructure Support for Continued Cohort Follow-upUM1CA182913 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI BURING, JULIE E., LEE, I-MIN · 2014 to 2018
$4.0M
Role of IL-37 Genetic Variants in Modulating Innate Immune Resp to Periodontal PaR01DE023836 · NIDCR · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BARROS, SILVANA PEREIRA · 2014 to 2018
$1.9M
Medical Research Council MC_UU_12013/1Medical Research Council MC_UU_12013/3NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA182913NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE014899NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE023836
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe observational relationship between obesity and periodontitis is widely known, yet causal evidence is lacking. Our objective was to investigate causal associations between periodontitis and body mass index (BMI).

methodsWe performed Mendelian randomization analyses with BMI-associated loci combined in a genetic risk score (GRS) as the instrument for BMI. All analyses were conducted within the Gene-Lifestyle Interactions and Dental Endpoints (GLIDE) Consortium in 13 studies from Europe and the USA, including 49,066 participants with clinically assessed (seven studies, 42.1% of participants) and self-reported (six studies, 57.9% of participants) periodontitis and genotype data (17,672/31,394 with/without periodontitis); 68,761 participants with BMI and genotype data; and 57,871 participants (18,881/38,990 with/without periodontitis) with data on BMI and periodontitis.

resultsIn the observational meta-analysis of all participants, the pooled crude observational odds ratio (OR) for periodontitis was 1.13 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.24] per standard deviation increase of BMI. Controlling for potential confounders attenuated this estimate (OR = 1.08; 95% CI:1.03, 1.12). For clinically assessed periodontitis, corresponding ORs were 1.25 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.42) and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.17), respectively. In the genetic association meta-analysis, the OR for periodontitis was 1.01 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.03) per GRS unit (per one effect allele) in all participants and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.03) in participants with clinically assessed periodontitis. The instrumental variable meta-analysis of all participants yielded an OR of 1.05 (95% CI: 0.80, 1.38) per BMI standard deviation, and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.56, 1.46) in participants with clinical data.

conclusionsOur study does not support total adiposity as a causal risk factor for periodontitis, as the point estimate is very close to the null in the causal inference analysis, with wide confidence intervals.

Indexed as

AdiposityAdultAgedAge DistributionAlpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTOBody Mass IndexCohort StudiesFemaleGenotypeHumansLife StyleMaleMembrane ProteinsMendelian Randomization AnalysisMiddle AgedObesityAlpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTOFTO protein, humanMC4R protein, humanMembrane ProteinsProteinsReceptor, Melanocortin, Type 4TMEM18 protein, humanBMIcasual inferenceconfoundingMendelian randomizationperiodontitis

Identifiers

PMID26050256
PMCPMC4817600
OpenAlexW2117889691

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