ArticleClinical rheumatology2015
Azathioprine during pregnancy in systemic lupus erythematosus patients is not associated with poor fetal outcome.
Article in Clinical rheumatology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology (APLAR) Consensus Statements for the Management of Reproductive Issues in Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases.International journal of rheumatic diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Saudi National Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Adult Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Current rheumatology reviews · 2025Guideline
- British Society for Rheumatology guideline on prescribing drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding: immunomodulatory anti-rheumatic drugs and corticosteroids.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Guideline
- Pregnancy planning in women with rheumatic diseases: an integrated framework for risk stratification and multidisciplinary management.Rheumatology international · 2026Review
- A clinical care pathway for managing pregnancy in patients with inflammatory arthritis.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Review
- Case Report: Telitacicept exposure in early pregnancy in a patient with SLE delivering an infant without any physical defect.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- 2022 Chinese guideline for the management of pregnancy and reproduction in systemic lupus erythematosus.Rheumatology and immunology research · 2023Review
- Review
- Current Treatment Approach, Emerging Therapies and New Horizons in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Outcomes of children born to mothers with systemic lupus erythematosus exposed to hydroxychloroquine or azathioprine.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Clinical study of factors associated with pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with systemic lupus erythematosus in the southern China.Archives of rheumatology · 2022Article
- Idiopathic multifocal choroiditis and punctate inner choroidopathy: an evaluation in pregnancy.Acta ophthalmologica · 2022Article
- Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Disease in Pregnancy: A Topic Yet to be Explored.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- 2020 Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Rheumatology and immunology research · 2020Article
- New onset bullae in a pregnant woman.International journal of dermatology · 2020Article
- Cutaneous lupus erythematosus: A review of the literature.International journal of women's dermatology · 2019Review
- Azathioprine During the First Trimester of Pregnancy in a Patient with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease: A Multimodal Imaging Follow-Up Study.The American journal of case reports · 2019Article
- Fetal Toxicity of Immunosuppressive Drugs in Pregnancy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2018Review
- Pregnancy outcomes among Chinese women with and without systemic lupus erythematosus: a retrospective cohort study.BMJ open · 2018Article
- Pregnancy outcomes in women with childhood-onset and adult-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: a comparative study.Rheumatology international · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of adverse fetal outcome in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) women exposed to azathioprine during pregnancy. We reviewed the medical records of SLE pregnant women followed from January 2005 to April 2013. The patients were evaluated at least once in each trimester and postpartum. Relevant fetal outcomes were extracted, such as rate of liveborns, fetal loss (spontaneous abortion and stillbirth), term delivery, preterm birth, neonatal death, low birth weight, low birth weight at term, and congenital malformations. A detailed history of drug use during pregnancy was obtained. We studied 178 pregnancies (in 172 women), 87 of them were exposed to azathioprine (AZA-group) and the remaining 91 were not exposed (NO AZA-group). Exposure to other drugs was similar in both groups. The rate of live births, spontaneous abortions mean birth weight, weeks of gestation, rate of birth weight <2500 g, and low birth weight at term did not differ between groups. No infant had major congenital abnormalities. Multivariate analysis showed that preeclampsia, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), lupus flare, and anti-DNA positive were associated with an increased risk of poor fetal outcome. Our study suggests that the use of azathioprine is safe and lacks of teratogenity in patients with SLE and pregnancy. Exposure to azathioprine during pregnancy is not associated with poor fetal outcome.
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