Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26050033›Full record

ReviewNeuron2015

Neurotransmitter Switching? No Surprise.

Nicholas C Spitzer

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Neuron, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Slow-Timescale Regulation of Dopamine Release and Mating Drive Over Days.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Nicholas C SpitzerNeurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences & Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, UCSD, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: nspitzer@ucsd.edu.

Funding

THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEURONSR01NS015918 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SPITZER, NICHOLAS CANADAY · 1985 to 2017
$5.8M
Genetic screens for analysis of Ca-dependent transmitter specificationR01NS057690 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DULCIS, DAVIDE, SPITZER, NICHOLAS CANADAY · 2009 to 2018
$2.5M
Mechanisms of Calcium Transients in Neuronal DevelopmentR01MH074702 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SPITZER, NICHOLAS CANADAY · 2006 to 2009
$1.3M
Neurotransmitter Switching and Its Function in Hippocampal PlasticityR21MH105706 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SPITZER, NICHOLAS CANADAY · 2014 to 2015
$404k
Development of NeuronsR56NS015918 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SPITZER, NICHOLAS CANADAY · 2013 to 2013
$388k
Mechanisms of Calcium Transients in Neuronal DevelopmentR56MH074702 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO · PI SPITZER, NICHOLAS CANADAY · 2005 to 2005
$332k
NIMH NIH HHS MH105706NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH074702NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH105706NIMH NIH HHS R56 MH074702NINDS NIH HHS NS015918NINDS NIH HHS NS057690NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS015918NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS057690NINDS NIH HHS R56 NS015918
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Among the many forms of brain plasticity, changes in synaptic strength and changes in synapse number are particularly prominent. However, evidence for neurotransmitter respecification or switching has been accumulating steadily, both in the developing nervous system and in the adult brain, with observations of transmitter addition, loss, or replacement of one transmitter with another. Natural stimuli can drive these changes in transmitter identity, with matching changes in postsynaptic transmitter receptors. Strikingly, they often convert the synapse from excitatory to inhibitory or vice versa, providing a basis for changes in behavior in those cases in which it has been examined. Progress has been made in identifying the factors that induce transmitter switching and in understanding the molecular mechanisms by which it is achieved. There are many intriguing questions to be addressed.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrainHumansNeuronal PlasticityNeuronsNeurotransmitter AgentsSynapsesSynaptic PotentialsNeurotransmitter Agents

Identifiers

PMID26050033
PMCPMC4458710

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.