ReviewInternational clinical psychopharmacology2015
Long-acting injectable versus daily oral antipsychotic treatment trials in schizophrenia: pragmatic versus explanatory study designs.
Review in International clinical psychopharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of Pragmatic and Explanatory Trials.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Long-Acting Injectable vs Oral Antipsychotics in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Meta-analysis of Prospective and Retrospective Cohort Studies.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2018Pooled it
- Guidelines for the Pharmacotherapy of Schizophrenia in Adults.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2017Pooled it
- Adherence to antipsychotic medication among homeless adults in Vancouver, Canada: a 15-year retrospective cohort study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2016Trial
- What is Minimally Adequate Treatment of Psychosis and Should Duration of Inadequate Treatment be a Clinical and Research Target? A Perspective and State-of-the-Art Review.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Review
- Review of clinical medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- The Use of Long-Acting Injectables for People with Schizophrenia: Consensus Panel Recommendations for Overcoming Barriers and Implementing Treatment.Neurology and therapy · 2025Article
- Multilevel Factors Predict Medication Adherence and Efficacy within 12 Months in Patients Receiving PCSK9 Monoclonal Antibodies: The Findings from a Real-World Analysis in China.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2025Article
- Use of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics in a Clinical Sample of Community-Dwelling Patients with Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders in Rural Greece.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Asian Subgroup Analysis of the REMISSIO Study: A Long-Term Efficacy and Safety Study of Paliperidone Palmitate 3-month Formulation in Patients with Stable Schizophrenia in a Naturalistic Clinical Setting.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Assessment of risk factors of treatment discontinuation among patients on paliperidone palmitate and risperidone microspheres in France, Germany and Belgium.BMC psychiatry · 2022Article
- Controversies Surrounding the Use of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotic Medications for the Treatment of Patients with Schizophrenia.CNS drugs · 2021Review
- Predictors of achieving remission in schizophrenia patients treated with paliperidone palmitate 3-month formulation.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2019Article
- Comparative effectiveness of second generation long-acting injectable antipsychotics based on nationwide database research in Hungary.PloS one · 2019Article
- Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics in Schizophrenia: Literature Review and Practical Perspective, with a Focus on Aripiprazole Once-Monthly.Advances in therapy · 2017Review
- Treatment continuation of four long-acting antipsychotic medications in the Netherlands and Belgium: A retrospective database study.PloS one · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Trial design characteristics related to the explanatory : pragmatic spectrum may contribute toward the inconsistent results reported in studies comparing long-acting injectable (LAI) versus daily oral antipsychotic (AP) treatments in schizophrenia. A novel approach examined the hypothesis that a more pragmatic design is important to show the advantages of LAI versus oral APs. A literature search identified comparative studies assessing the clinical efficacy/effectiveness of LAI versus oral APs in more than 100 schizophrenia patients, with 6-month or more duration/follow-up, and published between January 1993 and December 2013 (n=11). Each study's design was rated using the six-domain ASPECT-R (A Study Pragmatic : Explanatory Characterization Tool-Rating). Nonparametric Wilcoxon rank-sum tests compared ratings of studies supporting (n=7) and not supporting (n=4) a LAI advantage. ASPECT-R total and domain scores were significantly higher (more pragmatic) in studies finding a LAI versus oral AP treatment advantage than those that did not. The rank order of this significance among domains was as follows: 'participant compliance assessment' (P=0.005), 'medical practice setting/practitioner expertise' (P=0.006), 'intervention flexibility' (P=0.007), 'follow-up intensity/duration' (P=0.009), 'primary trial outcomes' (P=0.012), and 'participant eligibility' (P=0.015). Findings support that more pragmatic, less explanatory design features are important to show advantages for LAI treatment. Explanatory studies may introduce features that obscure advantages related to adherence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.